144 A Month in Paléwan. 
pine group and wanting in Paláwan are also noteworthy. Deer, 
present everywhere else, are said not to exist, and we saw no signs 
of them. The kaguan or Galeopithecus, one of the most common 
Philippine mammals, is apparently absent heres These facts seem 
to show that Paliwan has received its animal population from Bor- 
neo at a different time and through a different route than the rest of 
the group. The intervening island of Balabac possesses the com- 
mon monkey, the wild hog, a true squirrel, a porcupine, an ill- 
smelling weasel ; lacks the manis of Paláwan, but has a diminutive 
deer, Tragulus, common to it and Borneo. 
In its birds Paléwan also shows its closer connection with Borneo. 
Among Bornean forms which do not seem to have made their way 
into the other Philippines, are the two beautiful genera of greenlets, 
Tora and Phyllornis ; a three-toed woodpecker, Tiga ; a true pheas- 
ant, Polyplectron, closely allied to the beautiful glass pheasants of 
Borneo and Malacca ; and a frog-mouth (Podargus) bird, allied to 
the goat-suckers, but with the mouth parts (beak) heavy and hard. 
The Bornean look of our birds is quite apparent when we compare 
them with birds from the other islands, and careful study will prob- 
ably show many more instances than those above mentioned. 
Sun-birds, kingfishers, cuckoos, and swifts were especially abund- 
ant in species and individuals. 
About September 20 we began to find large numbers of titlarks, 
snipes, plovers, and sand-pipers, and concluded that this must be 
the advance of the fall migration from the northwest. The only 
arboreal species which seemed to arrive at the same time was one of 
the warblers, Sylviide. 
We undertook to make as careful notes of habits, height of flight, 
and feeding, character of foods, etc., as was possible in our hurried 
stay. Tropical species of birds seem to be much more nearly lim- 
ited to specific kinds of food than those of temperate countries. A 
careful examination of the stomachs of our collection showed that 
some species lived entirely upon ants, others upon centipedes, others 
upon some special kind of fruit, etc., ete. The three-toed wood- 
pecker noted above lives exclusively on ants, and these possibly of 
a single species—at least all of the same color; while a four-toed 
species (Chrysocolaptes), much like the three-toed one in size and 
color, lives on the common larval food of the family. One splendid 
long-tailed cuckoo, with beautiful metallic-blue coloring, bare spots 
of vivid crimson about the eyes, and immense light-green beak, 
