Zoology. 175 
inhærens and hispida. These forms live on, not in the sand, in 
this not resembling our American, ©. girardi. There are some 
detailed accounts of the development of the calcareous plates of 
these as well as other Echinoderms. The author also describes a 
new species .of Chirodota (C. venusta), the first recorded from the 
Mediterranean. 
BEDDARD ON EARTHWORMS.—The literature of the Lumbri- 
cidæ is rapidly assuming frightful proportions, so that none but 
the specialist can keep track of it. Mr. F. E. Beddard has re- 
cently added much to our knowledge of these forms. In the Pro- 
ceedings of the Zoological Society (p. 154, 1887), he describes as 
new Thamnodrilus gulielmi from British Guiana. This genus re- 
sembles Anteus by the absence of dorsal pores,in having a single 
pair of spermathecæ in the seventh segment, and in position of the 
nephridial opening. In Thamnodrilus, however, the clitellum is 
much shorter, and the differentiation of the nephridia into three 
series is another character separating them. Later in the same 
volume (p. 544), he describes Cryptodrilus fletcheri (n.sp.) from 
Queensland. It possesses calciferous glands and in its nephridia 
it is much like Mierocheta but their orifices vary in position from 
segment to segment. ‘The seminal vescicles occur in segments 9 
and 12, but not in the intermediate segments. A third paper 
(Jour. Anat. and Physiol. xxii, October, 1887) deals with the 
structure of the ovum in Hudrilus sylvicola from British Guiana. 
Here the ovary is enclosed with muscular walls, the muscles being 
continuous with those of the oviduct, and its interior is divided by 
trabecule into separate compartments, which are packed with ova 
and germinal cells. The history of these is traced, the most notice- - 
able feature being the metamorphosis of some of the germinal 
cells to form an epithelial cap on one*end of the ovum, while 
others degenerate and form a fibrous looking, and more or less 
uid mass around the ovum. This degeneration may have nutri- 
tive functions, but Mr. Beddard suggests its analogy to the liquor 
folliculi of the mammalian ovary, a view which receives some sup- 
port from the fact that the most nearly ripe ova are not always 
found nearest the entrance to the oviduct. 
ZOOLOGICAL Nores. — Prorozoa.—Mr. H. B. Brady cata- 
logues the recent species of Foraminifera, occurring in Great Britain 
in the December number of the Journal of the Royal Microscopical 
y. The classification adopted is the same as that used in 
the Reports of the Voyage of the “ Challenger.” 267 species are 
enumerated, but one (Zrochammina robertsoni) being regarded as 
new. The genus Haliphysema is regarded as a Foraminifera. 
A. C. Stokes has recently described some more American 
Dr. 
Infusoria, In the American Mon. Micros. Jour. (p 141) he adds — 
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