History of Garden Vegetables. 427 
being eaten, as does also Albertus Magnus,’ in the thirteenth 
century. Cardanus in 1556, says the oblong gourd is edible, 
and J. Bauhin, in 1651, says the same for two varieties. In India 
the gourd is said to be eaten, by Drury,‘ Firminger® and others; 
in China, by Smith; in Cochinchina, by Loureiro;’ in Egypt, 
by Forskal ;§ in Turkey, by Walsh,’ ete. 
A variety is in edible use in Japan, as I am informed by Mr. 
Tamari, and of which I have seen the drawings. In Mexico, a 
variety, as I am informed by Dr. Edward Palmer, is used to form 
a preserve known by the name of “ angels’ hairs,” from the fibrous 
nature of the interior portion which is used. 
Great-headed Garlic. Alliwm ampeloprasum L. 
A mild plant, common in the countries bordering on the Medi- 
terranean, especially in Algeria, and believed to be the native form 
of the cultivated Leek. In 1568 Camerarius™ speaks of it as cul- 
tivated in gardens, but this is not confirmed as a common course by 
the references in the Adversaria, 1570; in Lobel’s observations, 
1576 ;*by Dalechamp, in 1587 ; “ by Clusius, 1601 ;* by Dodonzeusy 
1616 ;"° these authors referring to it only as a wild plant of the 
vineyards. In 1882, the Bon Jardinier says the country people of 
Southern Europe eat it raw, and this is the only known use. It is, 
however, included among garden esculents by Burr,” in 1863, and 
by Vilmorin, in 1883. The description which has come down to 
1 Albertus Magnus. De Veg., Jessen ed., 1867, 499. 
? Cardanus. De Rerum Varietate, 1556. 222. 
3 J. Bauhin. Hist., ii., 214, 217. 
“Drury. Useful Pl. of Ind. 
*Forskal. Fl. Ægypt. Arab., 167. 
* Walsh. Hort. Trans., vi, 56. 
10 Decandolle. Orig. des P1. Cult., 81. 
n Camerarius. Hort., 1588, 131. 
1? Pena and Lobel. Adv., 1570, 58. 
18 Lobel. Obs., 1576, 79. 
1$ Clusius. Hist., 1601, 190. 
1 Dodonæus. Pempt., 1616, 690. 
“Burr. Field and Gard. Veg. of Am., 1863, 124.. 
'8 Vilmorin. Les Pl. Pot., 1883, 3. 
