432 History of Garden Vegetables. 
is not mentioned by Apicius,' in his work on cookery, of the same 
century. Zanonius? deems the horseradish to be the draba of 
Dioscorides. It seems to be the raphanus of Albertus Magnus,’ 
who lived in the thirteenth century, and he speaks of the plant as 
wild and domesticated, but its culture then was probably for medi- 
cinal purposes alone, as indicated by him. Its culture in Italy in 
1536 is implied by Ruellius* under the name armoracia, but Castor 
Durante,’ in 1617, does not describe it. In Germany its culture as 
a condimental plant is stated by Fuchsius,® in 1542, and by later 
writers. In 1587 Dalechamp’ states its culture in Germany, but 
does not mention it in France. Lyte, in 1586, mentions the wild 
plant, and its uses as a condiment in England, but does not imply 
culture; but in 1597 Gerarde® states that it is in gardens. It was 
observed in the gardens of Aleppo by Rauwolf" in 1573-5. It 
was in American gardens previous to 1806," and is now a plant of 
market garden culture. 
Horseradish is a plant of many names. It is called in France 
raifort sauvage, cran de Bretagne, etc., etc. ; in Germany, Meerretig ; 
in Flanders, kapucienen mostaard; in Holland, peperwortel; in 
Denmark, peberrod ; in Italy, rafano : in Spain, taramago, vagisco ; 
in Portugal, rabao de cavalho; in the north of England, in 1568, 
red cole, 
Hyssop. Hyssopus officinalis L. 
This aromatic plant was formerly in more request than at present 
Its young shoots and leaves are sometimes used as a condiment, but 
it rather belongsamong medicinal herbs. In 1597 Gerarde™ fig- 
1 Apicius Coelius. De Opsoniis, ete., 1709. Apicius flourished about 
230 A.D. 
2 Zanonius. Stirp. Hist., 1742, p. 23, t. 15. 
3 Albertus Magnus. De Vog ., lib. vi., tract 2, c. 16. 
* Ruellius. De Nat. Stirp., 1588, 466. 
ë Castor Durante. Herb., 1617. 
6 Fuchsius. De Stirp., 1542, 660. 
1 Hist. Gen. Lugd., 1587, 636. 
8 Lyte. Dodæœæns, 1586, 
9 Gerarde. Herbal, 1597, 187. 
10 Gronovius. Orient, 80. 
1u McMahon. Am. Gard. Cal., poo 
12 Vilmorin. Les Pl. Pot., 1883, 5 
18 Pharmacographia, 1879,71. Aer Herb., 1597, 187. 
14 Gerarde, Herb., 1597, 464. 
