Holst’s Studies in Glacial Geology. 591 
“ The matter must therefore have been elevated by the ice, and 
must afterwards have moved down and amassed itself into osar in 
the above-stated manner.” 
In the second paper Dr. Holst gives an account of his visit to the 
west coast of Greenland in the summer of 1880. He went as far 
north as Sukkertoppen (lat. 654° N., about), extending his rambles 
southward to Kipissako, southeast from Ivigtut! (lat. 61° N., about). 
He traveled mostly by water, in a so-called Umiak (boat rowed by 
women), but also made excursions by foot over the inland ice, ascend- 
ing some of the highest mountain-peaks for the purpose of obtain- 
ing bird’s-eye views over the ice and the various pinnacles—s, ec. 
nunataks—which rise out of the inland ice. 
After having given a general account of his travels, the author 
proceeds to discuss his observations under the following headings, 
viz.: the ground-rock, the inland ice, the kryokonite, the moraines, 
the upper drift deposits, the glacial clay, and the peat. We shall 
here reproduce the most important parts under the first five of these 
headings, 
A. The Ground-rock in the district referred to is predominantly 
grey gneiss. A bed of héilleflint-gneiss was observed on the penin- 
sula to the north of Tigssaluk. More variation was noticeable east 
and south of Ivigtut. A rather coarse-grained, well-developed 
syenite extends over the country a little to the east of Grénne Dal; 
a white, pretty quartzite, and also what may be called a hédilleflint- 
_8chist, were seen near the southern ice-blink at Kornok, and a some- 
what similar but very fine-grained schistose hdlleflint-gneiss occurs at 
Kipissako, 
_ No granite was seen north of Ivigtut ; but a limited area of granitic 
rock extends to the north of Kipissako glacier. 
In order to get some more definite knowledge of what rocks pre- 
vail in one locality, the author collected at random fifty specimens 
from the terminal moraine below the Ursuk-f jord glacier. Of 
these 50 specimens, 12 were found to be diorite; 9 grey gneiss; 7 
granite (or granite-gneiss), some grey, some red ; 6 grey hiilleflinta ; 
k Dr. Holst mentions, as a warning to other scientists who may go to 
ik pre with the intention of visiting the cryolite mines at Ivigtut, 
ission to those mines is absolutely prohibited to all strangers 
not presenting a written permit from the head office at Copenhagen, He 
might have added, that such a permit is never granted. 
