Holsts Studies in Glacial Geology. 709 
Another border moraine to the north of Kornok’s northern ice- 
river, was of a different character. The stones, at least at the 
surface, were greatly in preponderance over the gravel. They were 
angular and of varying size. The moraine showed some arcua- 
tions, but taken as a whole it was parallel to the land. In some 
exceptional instances it approached closely to the land, even so as 
to touch one of the projecting points, but generally it was located 
some distance away from land. Its width was estimated at 100 
feet, and its height at more than fifty feet; it should be remem- 
bered, however, that it might have had a core of ice. Its length 
was about one and a half mile. South of this moraine, and farther in 
on the ice, were seen three more moraines, the greatest one extend- 
ing about 1,000 feet in length. Two of them were parallel, one 
inside the other. 
Every moraine will finally be deposited in front of the glacier, 
and may then be called terminal. This term thus applied would 
however, be of no value. It is therefore desirable to restrict the 
sense of the term to such walls or osar as accumulate in front of 
the ice-rivers proper and generally extend across the valleys in 
which these rivers find their outlet. Here the moraine material 
gathers in such quantity and manner as to assume a character 
different from all other moraines. The great accumulation of 
material in these places does not depend on the presence of any 
greater quantity of such material in the ice-river than there is in 
the balance of the inland ice but rather on the more rapid trans- 
position of material in these rivers. 
Terminal moraines are found in front of every ice-river that — 
does not directly run into the sea, e.g., in front of Fredrikshaab’s 
ice-blink and of the ice-rivers at Arsuk fjord and Kipissako, and 
of the southern ice-river at Kornok. At the last-mentioned place 
the terminal moraine reached a height of nearly thirty feet and 
Surrounded the edge of the ice like the wall of a fort. At Sarkar- 
igsok, in front of Fredrikshaab’s ice-blink, were several walls, one 
mside the other, each about twenty feet high. The width of the 
total space covered by these walls aggregated about 450 feet. 
They extended along the front of the ice-blink, both north and 
South, as far as the observer could see. The terminal moraines are 
a mixture of material derived from ground moraines and inner 
