Derivation of the Domestic Polled Breeds. 787 
nauld, and it is likely that in their time the white cattle were in 
both places. But, be that as it may, they have long been extir- 
pated in Cumbernauld, while they have been preserved in great 
perfection at Hamilton.” 
This description of ancient “ Caledon,” given by Jardine cor- 
rectly from the earliest historians, should be remembered. For, 
more latterly, authorities, even such as Sir Walter Scott, described 
the Caledonian Forest as extending over a territory of which 
“Cadzow and Chillingham are but the extremities,’ “which in 
ruder times was a continuous forest, the white cattle being the 
remnants of those herds of Tauri sylvestres, described by early Scot- 
tish writers as abounding in the forests of Caledonia.” 
This latter region, as a look at any map showing the boundaries 
of the different regions in these early times! will show, was the 
ancient Strathclyde—the western portion of southern Scotland and 
northern England, the adjacent portions on the eastern side of 
England and Scotland being Northumbria, while “Caledonia,” 
So says the writer in the Encyclopedia Britannica, “lies to the 
north of the Forth,” but must include the region of the Clyde 
which flows north. This Caledonia in the west—called Dalriada 
——came to be inhabited by the Irish Scot or Gael, while the east 
remained Pictish. These Dalriadans were the great Scots about 
whom historians have had so much to do. The Galloway, “ Wild 
Scots,” were afterwards conquered by the true Scots of Dalriada, 
the name Galloway not indicating the composition, but the con- 
queror, of the Pictish inhabitants. The Pict, that is, of the east 
or northeast, “came from Scythia—that is, North Germany—as 
their own legends tell, which was undoubtedly peopled by Celts 
before it was peopled by Germans.” 
Let us, then, look at the park herds in Scotland—the Hamilton, 
the Ardrossan, the Drumlanrig. The first is located in the great 
Caledonian region defined by Jardine, Storer, Harting and others, 
as above. The two last belonged to ancient Galloway: The 
Ardrossan and Drumlanrig (Duke of Buccleugh) were horned ; the 
Hamilton was polled. The significance of these facts will appear 
when the history, literature and philology of the two regions are 
examined, 
1 See Skene’s “ Celtic Scotland.” 
