788 Derivation of the Domestic Polled Breeds. 
The parks became enclosed in ancient times, and with the 
enclosing the wild cattle became enclosed also. These cattle 
were the Uri of the north, whose originating source was the 
ancient. cattle of Cumbernauld, near Stirling. These then becam® 
extinct, having been scattered, part being preserved in the polled 
cattle of Hamilton. 
“The wild bull of the north had, therefore, anciently free access 
to the whole of southern Scotland, and to the mountains, wastes 
and forests of northern England also.”! The Cumbernauld 
extinct herd “thus connects north and south; the wild bull of the 
old Caledonian Forest north of Stirling with the Hamilton wild 
cattle, and with those which inhabited, as described by Scott, the 
continuous mountain ranges and the innumerable forests which 
formerly extended from Hamilton to Chillingham.” Hamilton 
was thus near the fountain-head. Their representatives at Cadzow, 
and over the north, were polled. This territory was the pasture 
region of the polled cattle of Fife, Angus, Aberdeen, etc. At 
Drumlanrig, in the pasture ground of the Galloway, they were 
 horned—in that indicating the character of the original Galloway 
breed. 
Take now the Hamilton cattle possessing as its hunting 
ground all northward. These were the famous white bulls of 
Caledon, descended, as all authorities agree, from Bos wrus ; and 
which were also by all historical accounts polled. This herd 
belonged, before the days of the Bruce, to the Cummings—the 
great but unfortunate Earls of Buchan. 
But further, Hamilton Palace was the seat of the Douglas- 
Hamiltons, Dukes of Hamilton and Brandon, who represented 
through the male line the great Douglases, Earls of Angus. Here, 
therefore, we have the Hamilton (Cadzow) herd connected in the 
closest manner with the shires of Aberdeen (Buchan) and Angus: 
Hence are traced the roots of the Aberdeen-Angus breed of polled 
cattle, firmly spread over the more lowland portions of the Caledo- 
nian region. And it is a further historical fact that it was from 
royal Kildrummy, in Aberdeenshire, after his spoliation of the 
Cummings, that King Robert the Bruce, in the thirteenth century, 
1 See “ Wild White Cattle of Great Britain ;” also “ Domesticated Ani- 
mals of Britain.” 
