Derivation of the Domestic Polled Breeds. 789 
issued to hunt the wild bulls of the Caledonian forest, which 
region extended thus from royal Kildrummy to royal Stirling. 
The origin of the name Caledonian is derived from the word 
Calder, signifying the hazel brush. In the Transactions of the 
Highland Society, Vol. XVII., 1885, it is stated that in Lanark- 
shire, in which the Hamilton herd is situated, “fifty years ago 
some had cows of the native or Calder breed; others crosses with 
these and Ayrshires.” The word Kyloe, also, is derived from the 
name of this forest region, the word meaning cows of the woods— 
both words having one root in common. 
The Drumlanrig and Ardrossan herds are extinct. These herds 
were horned [the latter having latterly become polled on the intro- 
duction of polled bulls from Hamilton.] And just as the Aber- 
deen-Angus had their roots in the Caledonian polled varieties 
represented by the Hamiltons, so had the Galloway its foundation 
from the same horned cattle that became enclosed at Drumlanrig. 
Drumlanrig Castle, in Dumfriesshire, is located in the valley of 
the Nith, between Hamilton and the Firth of Solway, but nearer 
the latter. The owners of this castle were that branch of the house 
of Douglas which enjoyed successively the titles of Earls, Marquises 
and Dukes of Queensberry. The Duke of Buccleugh, as heir 
general, is Duke of Queensberry, and possesses Drumlanrig. 
While, as will be seen, Hamilton was transferred to the Angus- 
Douglases on the extinction of the Comyns by Bruce, Cumber- 
nauld, likewise owned by the Comyns, became transferred by Bruce 
to Sir Robert Fleming, who was the ancestor of the Earls of Wig- 
ton, and it was probably during the time of Queen Mary, when 
the Flemings were out of favor at court, that the remnants of the 
Cumbernauld herd got dispersed, and some might have been trans- 
ferred to Dumfriesshire, 
Anyhow the Drumlanrig herd also went by the name of the 
Wild Caledonian Cattle. They were white with black points. Mr. 
Dickinson, in his Essay “On the Farming of Cumberland,” pub- 
lished 1852, identifies the Drumlanrig cattle also with the Caledo- 
mian Forest Wild Cattle. The herd has been long extinct. Drum- 
MNE was located at the foot of these wild hills, which extending 
throughout southern Scotland, were the ancient haunts of the 
Scottish bull. « Castle Dangerous,” which Scott describes as among 
