History of Garden Vegetables. 979 
need of careful criticism than that which deals with the 
complex deposits of the Glacial period. | Nowhere, perhaps, is 
there need of closer examination, and nowhere, probably, is the 
discrimination more difficult than in drawing the line between the 
earlier Glacial epoch and the later Glacial epoch of the area which 
has been under consideration. 
HISTORY OF GARDEN VEGETABLES. 
BY E. LEWIS STURTEVANT, M.D. 
(Continned from page 808.) 
Kohl-rabi. Brassica oleracea caulo-rapa, DC. 
I FIND no certain identification of this race in the ancient writ- 
ings. The bunidia of Pliny! seems rather to be the ruta baga, 
as he says it is between a radish and a rape. The goggulis of Theo- 
phrastus* and Galen? seems also to be the rutabaga, for Galen says 
the root contained within the earth is hard, unless cooked. In 1558 
Matthiolus‘ speaks of the kohl-rabi as having lately came into 
Germany from Italy. Between 1573 and 1575 Rauwolf® saw it in 
the gardens of Tripoli and Aleppo. Lobel® in 1570, Camerarius? 
in 1586, Dalechamp ê in 1587, and other of the older botanists, all 
figure or describe it as under European culture. This plant, in the 
view of some writers, is a cross between the cabbage and the rape, 
and many of the names applied to it convey this idea. This view 
1s probably a mistaken one, as the plant in its sportings under cul- 
ture tends to the form of the marrow cabbage, from which it is 
probably a derivation. In 1884, in two plants in pots in the 
‘Pliny. Lib. z2. 6 2 
* Gronovius. Orient., 81. 
Pena and Lobel. Adv., 1570, 92. 
; Camerarius. Epit., 1586, 251. 
* Hist. Gen. Lugd., 1587, 522. 
