Geology and Paleontology. 1019 
long since showed is the Saurodon of Hays, of much prior date; 
and Protosphyrena Leidy, which, if it be used at all, belongs to the 
species P. striata, and not to the genus Erisichthe Cope. The name 
_Saurodontide Cope should not be replaced by Saurocephalide of 
later origin, because Saurodontide Zittel, of later date than either, 
has been applied to another family, which should, if well defined, 
have another name. 
In the Batrachia, Professor Zittel divides the Stegocephali into 
three primary groups, the Lepospondyli, Temnospondyli, and 
Stereospondyli. In the first the vertebral centra consist of a 
simple sheath round the chorda dorsalis; in the second the centra 
are segmented ; and in the third they are amphiccelous and “ com- 
pletely ossified.” The author does not adopt the divisions Gano- 
cephala, Rhachitomi, and Embolomeri. There are serious objections 
to the system proposed by Prof. Zittel, which I will state. There 
does not seem to be any real difference between the Lepospondyli 
and the Stereospondyli, since a tubular vertebral centrum passes 
by the most insensible gradations into an amphiccelous one. The 
Temnospondyli cannot be regarded as homogeneous, or exactly 
defined. In fact, the vertebral centra of the Embolomera are not 
segmented, but are as entire as in the other two divisions of Zittel. 
€ presence or absence of two occipital condyles is also a character 
not to be neglected in this connection. i 
The account of the Stegocephali (including Ganocephala, Rhachi- 
tomi, and Embolomeri) is the most complete ever placed in the 
hands of students ; in fact it is the only synopsis yet published. In 
the midst of this important monograph we are compelled to make 
two corrections. The lettering of the pelvis of Eryops (p. 364) is 
reversed in position. Secondly, the genus Stereorhachis Gaudry 
(P. 398) is not a Bratachian, but a reptile of the order Theromora, 
and probably of the family. Clepsydropidæ.—E. D. Cope. 
SCHLOSSER on CARNIVORA.!—The second part of Dr. Schlos- 
ser’s important memoir includes the lower Carnivora, or the Urside, 
Canide, and Mustelide. It includes much that is new on the 
subject, and by its thoroughness and critical character advances our 
knowledge of the European forms much,beyond any previous pub- 
lication. A number of new genera are added, as Pachycynodon in 
Canidæ; Pseudamphicyon in Ursidæ; and in Mustelidæ, Plesiocyon, 
Haplogale, Stenogale, and Pseudictis. He includes in the latter 
family Proælurus Filh. and denies that it is allied to the Nim- 
navide or Felidæ. He redefines the Urside (under the name 
Amphicyonide), so as to include besides Ursus and Hyznarctos,— 
' Die i i n, Marsupialia, Creo- 
donten a Oaar, hippier, Inora : von Max Schlosser ; 
4Tafeln ; 4to. Alfred Hilder, Wien, 1888. II. Abtheilung. 
