Entomology. 1035 
3. Blinding proved that the eyes do not form the organs which 
are influenced, and it was also shown that the complex ‘briatles do 
not contain a terminal organ with this function. Experiments 
with conflicting colors appear to prove that surrounding colors 
affect the whole surface of the larval skin, although parti-colored 
upæ were not obtained. (There is, however, some evidence of 
such a result in Papilio nireus.) 
4. In all cases there are certain colors which produce no effects. 
In Vanessa the brilliant metallic tints of the pupe can be greatly 
influenced by the presence of gilded surfaces in the environment of 
the larva before pupation. This fact appears to prove that the 
metallic tints are essentially protective, and probably subserve con- 
cealment by their resemblance to glittering minerals, such as mica. 
his theory is confirmed by observations upon the habits of certain 
species with gilded pups. At the same time the gilded appearance 
as acquired another and opposite significance im other species, 
being of use in rendering the pupæ conspicuous, and thus acting as 
a signal of an unpleasant taste or smell. 
_ 5. The amount of pigment in the superficial layer of the cuticle 
in the pupæ of Pieris brassice and P. rape appears to be influen 
by the spectroscopic composition of the light incident upon the larvae 
before pupation. : 
e experiments of Mr. Griffiths, as summarised 7 Mr. 
White, confirms Mr. Poulton’s observations in the following 
pupæ produced by black, and of green pupæ produced by yellow. 
(4) The special effects of yellow surroundings in arresting the 
formation of dark superficial pigment, and in tending towards 
the production of green pups, were very striking, and confirm 
Poulton’s suggestion that rays from this part of the spectrum, 
Serious INJURY TO APPLES BY THE PLUM CurcuLio.— 
ng the latter part of the past summer my attention was 
