58 The American Naturalist. 
iddingsite in the groundmass, and of augite among the phenocrysts. The — 
occurrences differ also in their chemical composition, their silica come 
tents varying between 52.83 % and 60.00 %. The analysis of one 
specimen (Sp. Gr. = 2.51-—2.54). 
SiO, ALO, Fe,O, FeO MnO CaO MgO K,O Na,O Ign. Total 
60.00 19.01 3.20 .68 tr. 4.10 1.28 2.79 6.97 4.30 = 10238 i 
Since the rock contains too much SiO, for a basalt, and too little for 
andesite, and because of the prominence of iddingsite as one of its 
essential components, the author prefers the new name, Carmeloite,t0 —— 
any already in use among petrographers. 
The Ancient Rocks of Southern Finland.—In the German 
resumé of his article on the old rocks of southern Finland, Sederholm 
divides these into two groups—the Archean and the Algonkian, and 
the first of these groups into two sub-groups. The older Archean 
consists of phyllites, gneisses, micaceous and other schists and granular 
limestone, cut by granite and diorite. All the members of the series 
have been subjected to dynamic metamorphism on an enormous seale. 
The schists are supposed to have originated both in sedimentary and 
in erruptive rocks. The younger Archean schists are phyllites, mica- 
schists, sandstone-schists, and a greenstone schist that was originally & 
uralite porphyrite occurring as a surface flow. These are cut by à red 
granite that is sometimes porpbyritic and often pegmatitic. It shows 
[J anuary, f 
f 
no evidence of having been subject to great pressure, but nevertheless 
it is foliated—a consequence, according to the author, of flowage. The 
Algonkian rocks are all fragmental, and above them are the Rapakivi 
granite and a diabase, both of which are effusive. A younger olivine 
— and a panidiomorphic gabbro are also thought to be voleanl¢ 
ows. 
Petrographical News.—Smith' has discovered that the supposed 
peridotite® of Manheim, N. Y., is an alnoite in which there is no pyTO™- 
ene. it contains a large quantity of melilite in the typical forms, but 
the mineral is positive in the character of its double refraction, like the 
artificial melilite made by Vogt. Incidentally the author mentions - 
that positive melilite exists also in the nepheline basalt of Wartenburg, 
- Bohemia, and in the alnoite from Alno, Sweden. 
§ Fennia, 8, No. 3, p. 138. 
* Amer. Journ. Sci., XLVI, p. 105. 
5 Cp. AMERICAN NATURALIST, Sept., 1892, p. 769. 
