1894.) The Range of Crossbills in the Ohio Valley. 145 
been, so far as I know, preserved. Yet the evidence presented 
indicates that the breeding range of the species in the United 
States is not confined to the coniferous forests of the mountain 
ranges. 
Loxia leucoptera, WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILL. 
This species is not met with in the Ohio Valley so often as 
the last mentioned form. Its range lies farther to the north- 
ward. Its distribution within the United States, both in win- 
ter and summer is much less extensive than is that of the 
American Crossbill. Audubon mentions its breeding in Penn- 
sylvania in summer, but this is probably an exceptional case. 
Dr. J. M. Wheaton gave it in his catalogue of Birds of Ohio in 
1861. Mr. Charles Dury found them abundant in the vicin- 
ity of Cincinnati, Ohio, in the winter of 1868-9, in company 
with the last mentioned species. He says “they were in large 
flocks containing both species in the proportion of two of the 
former to one of the latter” (the present), “species.” Mr. C. 
E. Aiken informs me that this species was in company with 
the American Crossbill when they were so common in the 
Vicinity of Chicago in the summer of 1869. He also noted 
them in Lake County, Indiana, the latter part of August of 
that year. He says they displayed the same habits as the pre- 
ceeding species. His recollection is that the white-winged 
forms was less abundant, a little later in their arrival, and 
more wary. ‘They remained through the winter. Professor 
A. J. Cook informs me that one was killed by Dr. A. H. Atkins 
at Locke, Michigan, Aug. 9, 1875. A pair of white-winged 
Crossbills were taken at Fort Wayne, Indiana, about 1878. 
The female is now in the collection of Mr. C. A. Stockbridge 
of that city. 
Mr. W. L. Scott notes the-occurrence of a flock of white- 
Winged Crossbills near Ottawa, Canada, toward the latter part 
of June 1882 (The Auk, Vol. I, p. 159). Mr. Fletcher M. Noe 
notes the occurrence of this species near Indianapolis, Indiana, 
ìn the early part of 1883. Feb. 6, 1883. Professor B. W. 
Evermann shot two males from a flock of fifteen of these birds 
in A a at Bloomington, Indiana. Feb. 10, he secureda 
