266 The American Naturalist. [Mareh, 
of Long Island and Staten Island which is to the south of former cre- 
taceous areas, viz., that the clays have been eroded and ploughed up 
in masses, and the strata folded or squeezed u p and shoved ahead by 
an advancing ice-sheet, which, upon melting, left them as hills or 
ridges of dislocated, contorted material covered by the englacial and 
super-glacial till. (Trans. N. Y., Acad. Sci., XIII, 1894.) 
Plistocene Birds of Madagascar.—An important collection of 
bird bones from Madagascar has been received by the Academie! des 
Sciences de Paris. According to MM. Milne-Edwards and Grandidier 
these bones indicate that at a period not remote, certaintly contemporary 
with man, Madagascar was inhabited by 12 species, at least, of gigan- 
tic birds, incapable of flight, but provided with immense feet. Two 
types are distinguished : the first, /Epyornis, comprising 8 or 9 species; 
the second, named by the author Mullerornis, characterized by a lighter 
body, and a shorter tail than the first, comprises but 3 species. The 
conditions under which these bones were found shows that the bird 
lived on the shores of water, with troups of small hippopotami, croco- 
diles and turtles. (Revue Scientifique, Jan., 1894.) 
Antenne in Trilobites.—In the American Journal of Science, 
August, 1893, Mr. W. D. Matthew puts on record the important dis- 
covery of antenne in Triarthrus beckii, and gives illustrations of a 
number of this species showing these appendages. The specimens were 
collected by Mr. Valiant in the Hudson River shales near Rome, N. 
Y. Walcott suspected an antennal system in the Trilobites, and looked 
for it by means of sections, but failed to find a trace. 
In discussing this valuable addition to biological knowledge, Mr. H. 
M. Bernard (Nature, Oct. 12, 1893) refers to the appearance and posi- 
tion of the antennæ as described by Mr. Matthew and draws the fol- 
lowing conclusions: 
“(1) All trilobites had antennæ, which except, as far as we know, 
in the case of Triarthrus beckii alone, remained shut in under the head 
shield. 
“ (2) These ventrally placed antennæ were inserted, approximately, 
one on each side of the labrum. 
“ It seems to me that these natural conclusions from the facts go far 
to establish the relationship originally maintained by Burmeister, and 
recently elaborated by the present writer (The Apodidæ, Nature Series, 
1892). But however weighty the arguments (amounting, it seemed to 
me, to a proof) in favor of this relationship, the inability actually to 
