1894.] Geology and Paleontology. 341. 
with the begmning of the Plistocene, so there was no break in the 
marine conditions throughout the epochs, the Pliocene merging into 
the Plistocene. Between the Pliocene and Miocene, however, there 
was an important interval of erosion. (Bull. Dept. Geol. University 
of California, Vol. 1, 1893.) 
Geological News.—Pa.eozorc.—Mr. M. R. Campbell’s strati- 
graphical studies in Montgomery and Pulaski Counties in western 
Virginia, result in the establishment of two periods of disturbance in 
the Appalachian system. One folded the limestones and produced 
basins at the beginning of the Devonian period, the other elevated 
these basins and brought the period of sedimentation in them to a close 
near the middle of the lower Carboniferous period. These two periods 
of disturbance, in connection with other well established periods of 
overlaps show that deformation in the Appalachian system has been 
practically continuous since early Paleozoic time. (Bull. Geol. Soc. 
Am. Vol. 5, 1894.) 
Mersozorc—Dr. J. W. Gregory describes two new species of Chilo- 
stomata (Membranipora jurassica and Onychocella bathonica) from the 
Jurassic beds of Normandy, France. This is the first description of 
Polyzoa of this order in the Jurassic. (Geol. Mag., Feb., 1894.) 
From the evidence of fossil flora and certain stratigraphical facts, 
Mr. Benjamin Smith Lyman is inclined to put the Newark Brown- 
stone at an earlier age than Mesozoic. Since the recent researches of 
Canadian geologists have proved that much of the so-called Trias of 
New Brunswick and Nova Scotia is really Permian and even Carbon- 
iferous, the author calls attention to the doubtful determination of the 
age of the beds in question, and suggests a thorough examination of 
the paleontological record in order to determine their position. (Pro- 
ceeds. Amer. Philos. Soc. Vol. xxxiii, 1894.) 
Crnozorc.—The age of the yellow clay in the eruptive formations 
of Gravenoire, in which a human skeleton was found in 1891, has been 
fixed by MM. Girod and Gautier. A study of the stratigraphy and 
fauna of that region leads to the conclusion that the bed in question 1s 
oe deposit of the Reindeer age. (Rev. Scientifique, m 
894.) 
The collection of Bird bones from the Miocene of Grive-St. Alban, 
France, sent by Dr. Forsyth Major to Mr. Lydekker for identification, 
comprises six determinable species, of which four are new: Strix 
TR, Paleortyx maxima, P. grivensis, Totanus major. The 
