OR a oe 
Wht Hee ee 
1894.) Zoology. 349 
The fauna of Turkestan is very distinct from that of the Thibet 
region. The Tian-Chan mountains of Chinese Turkestan are inhab- 
ited by large quadrupeds very different from those of Europe; they 
are wolves bears, deer (Cervus xanthopygus A. M.-Ed.), roebucks 
(Cervus pygargus). Tigers and panthers from the south of Asia are 
seen there frequently. In the sterile and sandy desert which extends 
from Korla to Lob-Nor the fauna offers different characteristics ; 
gazelles are abundant there (Gazella subgutturosa). They are seen in 
small troupes in the middle of those plains covered with a scanty her- 
, and Tamarisks, where the only trees are stunted and twisted 
poplars, and where the river Tarim is lost in a great swamp. The 
color of the skin of these quadrupeds harmonizes admirably with that 
of the sand. The foxes are light yellow (Vulpes flavescens Blan.) ; 
Gerbillus psammophilus is common and resembles that of the Sahara; 
a cat (Felis shaviana) resembles in color and markings Felis margarite 
of the deserts of the northern part of Africa, Wild camels are found 
in small herds. 
On climbing the slopes of the Al-tyn-Tagh, other animals are found ; 
Ovis poli, Pseudovis burrhel, Pantholops hodgsonii, Gazella picticauda, 
wild Yaks with large diverging horns, covered with dark brown hair, 
Equus kiang, and numerous rodents. 
From the Tengri-Nor to Batang the fauna is stilll more varied. 
The mountains, covered with conifer forests and thickets of rhododen- 
dron, afford shelter to many mammals. Travellers report seeing a 
black monkey with a long tail, which, however, they could not get 
near; but they captured several rhesus Macaques, remarkable for their 
large size, their long thick fur, and short tails. These animals, when 
adult, are comparable in size to the large Cynocephali of Africa; they 
live in large troops, are seen even in the midst of snow, and hide 
themselves among the rocks. The natives treat them respectfully and 
often feed them. A young female, bought in May, 1890, at Kiam 
Tatie, was sent to Paris, and is now in the menagerie of the museum. 
Although kept in a warm room, it has not the thick long fur to which 
it owes its specific name of Macacus vestitus. Neither M. thibetanus 
nor the snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellane, have been seen 
from Batang to Tsienlou. 
Panthers and Ounces are abundant, also Lynx rufus; Felis ser ipta 
is also found here, and another species with a large body, belonging to 
the same group as F. chaus, but differing from it, which I have named 
F. bieti; F. tristis, which attains considerably larger dimensions than 
it is generally accredited with; F. manul, remarkable for the black 
