COAL. 73 



easily, and ought to be converted into briquettes before bein" 

 used." 



Mesozoic Coal in Southern Yunnan. 



Joubcrt records the existence of coal near Na-kou-li between 

 Ssu-mao T'ing (lat. 22° 50': long. 101° 0') and Pu-erh Fu (lat. 23° 

 5' : long. 101° 5') : ' Near Ssu-mao, between Na-ko-li and Ho-boung 

 there is an occurrence of anthracite which is mined for use in the 

 salt works of Ho-boung. The seams strike north and south and 

 are numerous, close together, but of slight thickness ; in a space 

 of 38 feet 5 seams could be counted. The thickness of the seams 

 varies between one inch and one foot approximately. The length 

 of the occurrence is not even roughly known, but the coal is extracted 

 at two places, six kilometres apart" (G., Vol. II, p. 1G4). 



Joubert visited this region in 1867. I passed through it in 1910 

 but found no trace of any workings. I was not able to identify 

 the village of Ho-boung which may have been destroyed in the 

 rebellion. 



Carboniferous Coal. 



The Moscovian coals of Yunnan are confined to the eastern 

 parts of the province and have been studied by various French 

 engineers. I have visited most of the important localities and have 

 recorded the following observations. 



Excellent exposures of the Middle Carboniferous horizons are 



found at Eurl-kai, a small coal-mining village 

 , Middle Carbonifcr- •, , j £ ■-, , , ,, ° . Tr , ° 



ous of Eurl-kai. situated a tew miles to the north-west of Kun- 



yang Chou (lat. 24° 40' : long. 102° 32'). For 



part of the way, lacustrine deposits of the lake basin of Yunnan 



Fu hide all outcrops, until sandy yellow shales are found, followed 



by limestone bands. The following section is seen at the mines. 



Thickness. 

 (d) Dolomitic limestone ..... ? 



(c) Limestone with Euonvphalus ... 10 feet. 



(b) Sandstone with coal-seams . . . 40 



(a) Reddish limestone ..... ? 



According to Deprat, coal-mining was started here in 1901. 

 When Lantenois visited it in 1903 two scams were being worked 

 though he was able to recognise a total of four (La,, p. 392). I 

 only saw two of these as the outcrops of the others were buried by 

 falls. Each seam was about 4 feet thick, and separated by bands 



F 



