COAL 



75 



Coal-bearing scries al 

 Yen-t/.u-shao. 



A few miles to the north of Yunnan Fu (lat. 25°0' : long. 



102°-45'), the Uralian limestones which occur in 

 the immediate vicinity of the city, give place 

 to strata of Moscovian age, the coal-bearing 

 series already described being represented as follows : — 



(c) White fossiliferous limestone. 



(6) Sandstones and shales with thin coal-seams. 



(a) Sandy limestone. 



Two pits had been sunk on a thin coal scam and a boiler was 

 in course of erection to supply steam to a small pump with which 

 the Chinese authorities proposed to unwater the mines. An assay 



of the coal gave 



the following results : — 







Locality. 



Moisture. 



Volatile 

 m alter. 



Fixed 

 carbon. 



Ash. 





Yen-tzu-shao . 



•77 



15-88 



52-85 



30-50 



Cakes but not 

 very strongly. 



The horizon is perhaps the same as the one found by Leclere 

 (Le., p. 362), at Kwei-long-chuan at the extreme north of the Yunnan 

 Fu plain, near the celebrated pagoda of He-long-tan. where an 

 almost flat seam about three feet thick crops out. It was used 

 locally in lime kilns and assayed as follows : — 



Locality. 



A1 • , Volatile 



Moisture. ! 



matter. 



Fixed 

 carbon. 



'Ash. 



Calorific 

 power. 



Authority. 



He-long-tan 



!•:* 11-0 



1 



66-7 



220 



<),7;J4 



Leclere. 



The Middle Carboniferous is well developed in the mountain 



Middle Carbonifer- ran g es running north from the vicinity of the 



ous of Si-yang and Yang-tsung lake (lat. 24°-55' : long. 103°-5'). 



The northern part of the valley of the small 

 stream which joins the Pei-ta Ho at Yi-liang Hsien, is bounded 

 on the west by a high and precipitous escarpment, in which rocks 

 are exposed ranging from the Middle Carboniferous to Upper Permo- 

 Carboniferous horizons. As is the case in other localities, the 

 Middle Carboniferous coal-bearing horizon occurs and the seams 

 which it contains are exploited by Chinese methods, most of 



p2 



