130 COGGIN BUOWN : MINES & MINERAL RESOURCES OF YUNNAN. 



Hsing-ai-ch*ang is situated in the valley of a small tributary which 

 enters the No-lo Ho from the east about 6 

 miles to the north of Ku-tung-kai. The actual 

 workings are very inaccessible and the track to them exceedingly 

 bad. There are several ancient drives in the vicinity from which 

 ore has been won in the past. From one of these I obtained some 

 poor specimens of malachite. A new exploratory adit had been 

 driven into the granite for about 240 feet. From the end of it. 

 there was an easterly cross-cut nearly at right angles, and about 

 150 feet in length. The mining had been carried out with 

 judgment and skill, the levels were straight and high and tin* 

 timbering good. About ten men were at work and day and night 

 shifts were being carried on. At the end of the cross-cut there 

 were several good stringers of oxidised lead ores, and as a prospect 

 the place looked promising. The strike of the granite, which 

 appeared to be intruded into crystalline limestones, was north 10° east. 



The Tong-shan workings are situated on the hills above the 

 village of Hsiao-hsin-kai, to the east of the 



long-shan. AT . TT , ... . , , . 



JNo-Io Ho stream. As at llsmg-ai-ch ang, there 

 are numerous old levels now abandoned. Three workings were 

 yielding ore at that time. They were all in limestone, which 

 is very hard and considerably broken up. The main adit extend- 

 ed into the hill for over 600 feet. It was not a good piece of work, 

 as it sloped very steeply and was low and tortuous. No timbering 

 was necessary and the place was dry. It seemed to me that the 

 ore occurred as in-fillings in certain parts of the broken and re- 

 cemented limestone, but owing to the Chinese practice of heating 

 the working face to lighten the labour of winning, I was not able 

 to make a very careful examination. Galena, zinc blende, limon- 

 ite and oxidised copper ores occur. I was given some very good 

 samples of galena from this mine. About eight men were employed 

 but the work could easily be extended. 



Hong-too-hai is the name given to a mountain situated on 

 . , the east side of the valley about 3.1 miles 



Hong-too-hai. . . J 



above Hsiao-hsm-kai. Limestone with a 

 north 10° west strike was noticed cropping out at intervals the 

 whole way. The mountain itself is over 0,800 feet high, and 

 there aro numerous portals of old tunnels and the remains of broken- 

 down furnaces near the foot. Two levels were being worked ; the 

 lower sloped steeply in to the east. No more stune had been 



