I'KOIHTTION OK CHANIHO IN BIND. 



290 



Mr. Mahommed Klian, the K hair pur Stale official, who accom- 

 panied me on my tour through the State, 

 Grades of chant ho. -, ., , r 7 ., .1 r 



recognised three grades ot chaniho, the dis- 

 tinctions between each grade being purely physical. The first 

 grade is crystalline and light ; the second grade is more powdery 

 and is derived from a deposit in which efflorescence is common as 

 well as crystalline deposition. The third grade is heavy owing to 

 ; Ue presence of sand mingled with the chaniho. These three grades 

 arc grades of what is known as kharo saf or pure trona, as distin- 

 guished from kharo hmild, which according to Mr. Mahommed 

 Khan is not produced by the State. Kharo lunial or salty trona 

 is a term formerly applied to the very impure salty residues from 

 the Thar and Parkar dhands. 



In the Haidarabad bazaar four grades of chaniho are sold. Speci- 

 mens of these were forwarded to me by the Collector. The following 

 are their partial analyses : — 



Table XV.— Analyses of specimens of (he four grades of chaniho 



sold in the Haidarabad bazaar. 



1 













Residue 







C0 2 



NaHC0 3 * 



Na„0O,» 



CI 



NaCl* 



insoluble 

 in water. 



Grado 1 



31-5 



11-8 



68-4 



1-45 



2-4 



6-52 



Grade J 1 . 



36-0 



3-4 



84-5 



119 



2*0 



3-40 



Grade 111 



23-4 



0-4 



5G-2 



13-70 



22-6 



5-04 



Grado IV . 



30- 9 



0-4 



74-2 



2-84 



4-7 



3-92 



* Calculated, assuming the baso to be Na. ; Na,S0 4 was not estimated. 



There is not much to be gained in studying the chemical com- 

 position of these four grades. Undoubtedly the third grade is 

 chemically inferior, but there is not much to choose between the 

 first, second and fourth. It must however be noticed that the first 

 grade is the only one suitable for use as a baking powder. 



Here again the distinction between the four grades is purely 

 empirical and physical. I have made the following notes on the 

 four grades — 



Grade /.—A hard white crystalline cake, fairly pure in appear- 

 ance and free from dirt. 



