Jan. wo:.] MAKINO.-OBSERV. ON THE FLORA OF JAPAN. 17 



Perennial, attaining about 9decim. in height. Rhizome 

 shortly repent and then ascending, many-rooting. Stem erect, 

 slender, terete, green and more or less striate often with pur- 

 pulish lines, branched, leafy but its lower portion naked from 

 fallen leaves, glabrous but branches and peduncles thinly sub- 

 scabro-puberulent. Leaves, sessile, more or less dense, erect- 

 patent, lanceolate, acuminate with an apiculate tip, acutely 

 attenuated at the base, coarsely few-serrate above the middle 

 with apiculato-acute teeth, scabrous and green above, glabrous 

 or subscabrous and somewhat paler beneath, scabrous-margined, 

 triplinerved, the inferior ones attaining about 9 cm. long, 11 cm. 

 wide, the superior ones gradually decreasing in size, firmly 

 chartaceous when dry ; midrib prominent beneath. Heads 

 numerous or several or few, corymbosely disposed, 3— 4icm. in 

 diameter ; peduncles erect, gracile, 2— 15cm. in length, disposed 

 through with small sessile oblong-lanceolate bract-like several 

 leaves with an apiculato-acutish tip and obscurely few-mucronate- 

 serrate margins, and a few same leaves closely placed at the 

 base of the involucre. Involucre hemispherical, about ljcm. 

 across ; scales about 5-serial, imbricated, glabrous, very narrowly 

 and very thinly scarious on margins and shortly subfimbriate 

 towards the apex, usually 1-nerved, rounded at the apex ; the 

 outer oblong and thicker ; the middle spathulately narrow- 

 oblong ; the inner spathulately lato-linear or linear-oblong, 

 membranaceous, light green and shade with purple above, about 

 10mm. in length ; both the outer and middle green and broadly 

 margined with purple. Receptacle hardly convex, naked, foveo- 

 late. Ray-flowers many, patent ; ligule linear-ligulate, hardly 

 enlarged above, acutish and minutely 3— denticulate at the apex, 

 5— 6-nerved, lilac-purple ; tube about 3mm. in length, adpressed- 

 puberulent. Disk-flowers numerous ; corolla about 6mm. long, 

 yellow, but at length turned into purplish above and greenish 

 below ; tube a little shorter than those of the ray-flower, 

 adpressed-puberulent as is the lower portion of the limb ; limb 

 campanulate, slightly longer than the tube ; lobes 5, ovate or 

 subdeltoid-ovate, acuminato-acute, revolute. Pappus numerous, 

 filiform, spinuloso-hispidulons, pale-drab ; those in the ray-flower 



