EEVIEW OF THE FAUNA OF LAKELAND. 



Mammalia. OUR present knowledge proves that a total number of 421 

 species of vertebrate animals have at one time or another 

 occurred within our faunal limits. The Mammals are repre- 

 sented by six orders and fifty species. They include such 

 interesting forms as the Auroch (Bos primigenius), the British 

 Beaver (Castor fiber), and, in particular, the Thick-toothed 

 Grampus (Pseudorca crassidens), an animal of very considerable 

 rarity. Of present residents, the Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) not 

 only survives in a wild state in Martindale, but is also abun- 

 dantly represented in several of our parks, notably in those of 

 Muncaster, Crofton, High Moor, and Gowbarrow, in Cumberland, 

 as well as at Lowther, on the borders of Westmorland. I have 

 personally inspected both these animals, and most of our park 

 Fallow Deer (Cervus dama), but was content to accept the 

 authority of a friend for the existence of Fallow Deer at Naworth. 

 Let me take this opportunity, then, of apologising for the inad- 

 vertent mention of Na worth (at p. 71) as the home of Fallow 

 Deer. That some outlying bucks are still to be found there is 

 probable, but they are no longer kept in the park, which has 

 therefore ceased to be a Deer park. 



The other localities mentioned (on p. 71) as the home of 

 Fallow Deer can be implicitly relied upon. As to the micro- 

 mammals, the Bank Vole (Arvicola gkireolus) has so far been 

 obtained only in the Cumbrian plain. The Dormouse (Muscar- 

 dinus avellanarius) is chiefly found in the Lancashire portion of 

 this region. Thus, in Cartmell, Mr. W. Duckworth finds that 

 the Dormouse is well known; only last year he himself dis- 

 covered three nests of this species in the woods near Ayside. 

 Birds. The 262 species of Birds here recorded from Lakeland 

 represent sixteen orders, in the following proportions : — 



