MAMMALIA 67 



Fleming, should enjoy, for her dower, lands in Claughton in 

 Lonsdale, and one tenement in Coningston, and yearly during 

 her life, one buck or doe out of Coningston Park. 



Some parks were destroyed or depleted of their Fallow Deer 

 during the civil wars, while in other localities the Deer were 

 probably neglected or allowed to become impoverished for 

 want of change of blood. In 1512 the number of Fallow 

 Deer in the Forest of Westward was computed to consist of 

 225 individuals. Some sixty-six years later the herd had 

 dwindled down to 92 head. The following extract from a 

 'Survey of Westward Forest/ dated the 14th of April 1578, 

 tells its own story : — 



1 There is at this present, within the said forest or chase, the 

 number of fourscore and twelve fallow deer or thereabouts, 

 which, if the frith and grounds aforesaid were enclosed and 

 preserved, would soon increase, and plenish to a convenient 

 number, and without the same provision there can never be any 

 increase, by reason the grounds (being suffered and used as 

 common) are depastured so bare in summer that the deer 

 (especially the fawns and old deer) die and perish in winter, 

 so many (and sometimes more) as commonly do increase in the 

 summer.' 



That no pains were taken to preserve these Deer appears 

 from Sandford, who wrote about 1675 : 'And over a more wher 

 the Coles are got, north westward yow come into westward ; 

 and a quondam park full of fallow deer : but now vanquisht.' 



Denton, writing about 1610, tells us that ' Mr. Hudleston, 

 the present Lord of Milium, and diverse of his ancestors, have 

 made there a park enclosed for deer, which yet to this day is 

 called Uffbay.' The herd of Fallow Deer which existed at 

 Milium in Denton's time continued to flourish for two hundred 

 years. ' Milium Castle/ says the scribe, ' the antient seat and 

 capital mansion of this manor, is placed at the foot of the river 

 Dudden, and through length of time threatens ruin. Howbeit 

 the lords thereof make it still their dwelling-place and abode, 

 holding themselves content, that the old manner of strong 

 building there, with the goodly demesns and commodities 

 which both land and sea afford them, and the stately parks full 



