FISHES 493 



think, may have entered the river from the Kendal and Lan- 

 caster canal, in which Gudgeon were tolerably plentiful ten or 

 twelve years ago, though now rare, owing to the action of the 

 Pike which infest the same waters. 



E A C H. 



Leuciscus rutilus (L. ). 



The Roach is included in Dr. Heysham's list without any 

 particulars. Mr. W. Patrickson of Crosby wrote to the younger 

 Heysham on September 3, 1841, that he sent him some fishes 

 which his men had captured when ' drafting the Ir thing,' in- 

 cluding ' 3 roaches (I suppose I name them properly).' The 

 recipient duly acknowledged the present, and agreed that the 

 Eoach were correctly identified. One of T. C. Heysham's 

 scrappy notes, dated March 21, 1849, records the receipt of a 

 Roach of 1 3 inches, forwarded by Mr. Ralph and taken in the 

 Eden. Mr. Tom Duckworth caught small Roach in the Eden 

 opposite to Stanwix church until 1868, when he gave up fishing. 

 Mr. Hutchinson informs me that at the present time Roach 

 fairly swarm in the canal at Kendal. Mr. Duckworth says the 

 Carlisle canal also swarmed with Roach. Parnell says, ' In the 

 Solway Firth I saw in the month of June five examples taken 

 in the salmon-nets, and I was informed by the fishermen there 

 that in the early part of the season they frequently captured 

 them after a flood.' * 



CHUB. 



Leuciscus cephalus (L. ). 



This coarse fish is only too abundant in some of our fresh 

 waters, particularly in the river Eden, where it is the bete noire 

 of all good fishermen and consequently destroyed whenever 

 possible. The drug employed for { skelly fuddling ' is the 

 Cocculus indicus. This is prepared by being mixed with flour 

 and water ; the composition is half baked into a soft cake, of 

 sufficient consistency to enable it to hold together in the water. 

 Acm. Wern. Soc, vii. p. 268. 



