FISHES 519 



favoured me with a brief note respecting the success which has 

 attended the experiment. ' The first I saw caught,' he writes, 

 1 was at Easter 1890, and last Easter [1891] I got one myself 

 about 8 inches long, and a friend had one the same day. Since 

 then, I hear about forty have been seen in one stream, evidently 

 spawning (and some large ones), as there were trout close 

 behind them, feeding (from their movements) on what loose roe 

 they could catch. This, I think, clearly shows they are estab- 

 lishing themselves.' The Grayling has been introduced within 

 a recent period to the river Mint, as I learn from Mr. G. A. 

 Hutchinson, who writes that a few were caught in that river 

 ' early last season [1891].' 



Order PHYSOSTOMI. Fam. CLUPEIDM. 



ANCHOVY. 



Engraulis encrasicholus (L.). 

 During the summer of 1890 the presence of the Anchovy was 

 noticed at various points of the British coasts, including the 

 waters of the English Solway. On June 27, 1890, eighteen or 

 twenty Anchovies were caught near Silloth by W. Nicol. They 

 averaged about 6 inches in length, or rather less ; but one 

 female fish measured nearly 8 inches. 



HERRING. 



Glupea harengus, L. 



Large quantities of Herrings are taken off Allonby, Mary- 

 port, and Harrington, in good seasons, but in some years, 

 often for several successive seasons, the industry has proved 

 almost a blank. In the year 1828, the Carlisle Patriot of 

 September 12 spoke of the Maryport fishermen as being ' in 

 high expectation of having a successful fishing ; ' adding that 

 1 one small boat brought in this morning (Wednesday) twelve 

 hundred Herrings, which were sold ten fish for sixpence.' 

 In 1834 the Carlisle Journal of November 29 reported that 

 some Maryport fishermen caught nearly 600 herrings in one 

 night, and sold them next morning at 25 for Is. In 1849 

 the Carlisle Patriot stated that the Whitehaven fishermen had 



