XXXIV INTRODUCTION. 



Table II. 



The following is a List of Birds which are found at all seasons of the year in some district 



or other of the Fur Countries. 



FALCONiDiE. Falco islandicus, Accipiter (Astur) palumbarius. 



Strigidte. Strix otus, S. cinerea, S. nebulosa, S. (Bubo) Virginiana, S. (B.) arctica, 



S. nyctea, S. funerea, S. Tengmalmi, S. Acadica. 

 Laniad^e. Lanius borealis, L. excubitorides, L. elegans. 

 SylviaDjE. Parus atricapillus. 

 Fringillid^:. Emberiza (Plectrophanes) nivalis, E. (P.) Lapponica, Pyrrhula (Corythus) 



enucleator, Loxia leucoptera, Linaria minor. 

 Corvid^;. Corvus corax, C. pica, Garrulus Canadensis, G. brachyrhynchus. 

 Picid^e. Picus (Dryotomus) pileatus, P. (Dendrocopus) villosus, P. (D.) pubescens, P. 



(Apternius) tridactylus, P. (A.) arcticus. 

 TetraoniDjE. Tetrao umbellus, T. obscurus, T. Canadensis, T. Franklinii, T. (Lagopus) 



saliceti T. (L.) rupestris, T. (L.) leucurus, T. (Centrocercus) urophasianus, T. (C.) 



pbasianellus. In all 38. 



As some of these, however, entirely quit their breeding- stations in the winter 

 and go southwards, they ought to be considered as migratory, although their 

 range is comparatively limited. Thus the Lagopi quit the barren grounds, where 

 they breed and seek shelter during winter in the more southerly wooded dis- 

 tricts. The Plectrophanes breed on the Arctic coasts, and winter in the southern 

 parts of the Fur Countries, migrating through eighteen or twenty degrees of 

 latitude. Many of the Strigidce, the Laniadw, and Picidce, retire from the sea- 

 coast into the denser parts of the woods in winter, some individuals, however, 

 remaining all the year in their breeding quarters. Numbers also of the Parus 

 atricapillus and Linaria minor remain in the severest seasons in all parts of the 

 Fur Countries ; but in some winters, at uncertain intervals, they appear in large 

 flocks within the territory of the United States. Somateria mollissima and S. 

 spectabilis, and Uria Brunnichii, U. troile, and U. grylle, ought also to be 

 reckoned among the birds that winter in high latitudes, as many remain all the 

 winter wherever they can find open water, although they also visit the coasts 

 of the United States in that season in smaller numbers. 



