460 NORTHERN ZOOLOGY. 



[219.] 1. Harelda glacialis. (Leach.) Long-tailed Duck. 



Sub-Family, Fuligulinae, Swains. Genus, Harelda, Leach. 



Long-tailed Duck. Edw., pi. 156. May plumage, male, pi. 280. 



Anas glacialis et hyemalis. Fohst. Phil. Trans., lxii., p. 418, No. 50. 



Long-tailed Duck (Anas hyemalis et glacialis). Penn. Aret. Zool., ii., p. 566, No. 501. WlLS., viii. p. 93 



pi. 70, f. 1, male, winter ; f. 2, female. 

 Canard de miclon (Anas glacialis). Temm., ii., p. 860. 

 Anas glacialis (Long-tailed Duck). Sab. Greenl. Birds, p. 555, No. 28. Richards. Append. Parry's 



Second Voy., p. 3/3, No. 33. 

 Fuligula glacialis. Bonap. Syn., p. 395, No. 346. 



Caccawee, Canadian Voyageurs. South-southerly, United States. 

 Old Wives, and Swallow-tailed Ducks, Hudson's Bay Residents. Aldiggee-areeoo, Esquimaux. 



The peculiar cry of this Duck is celebrated, in the songs of the Canadian 

 voyageurs, by the epithet of " Caccawee/' which is expressed by " South- 

 southerly " in the United States, and " Hahhaway " among- the Crees. The 

 long tail of the male gives to its flight the resemblance of that of a Swallow. 

 The eggs of the Duck are pale greenish-grey, with both ends rather obtuse ; 

 they are twenty-six lines long and eighteen wide. 



DESCRIPTION 



Of a male, killed, May 1, 1826, on the Saskatchewan. 



Colour. — The whole upper plumage, the two central pairs of tail feathers, and the under 

 plumage to the fore part of the belly, brownish-black ; the lesser quills paler. A triangular 

 patch of feathers between the shoulders, and the scapulars, broadly bordered with orange- 

 brown. Sides of the head from the bill to the ears ash-grey ; eye stripe and posterior under 

 plumage pure white. Flanks, sides of the rump, and lateral tail feathers, white, stained with 

 brown ; axillaries and inner wing coverts clove-brown. Bill black, with an orange belt before 

 the nostrils. Legs dark brown. 



Form. — Bill very short, high at the base ; unguis strong and arched ; lamina distant, 

 prominent, and cutting ; the upper ones projecting considerably below the margin of the 

 mandible, the lower ones, which are nearly as prominent as the upper ones, divided into two 

 nearly equal rows by a horizontal fissure*. Nostrils large, situated nearer to the front than 

 to the tip of the bill. Forehead high. Neck thickish. Wings an inch and a half shorter 

 than the outer tail feathers, and nine inches and a half shorter than the central ones. Tail 

 very long, of fourteen feathers ; middle pair slender and tapering, six inches longer than 

 the adjoining ones. Toes short, as in the Harlequin Duck; the nails rather longer than 

 those of that bird. 



Specimens killed a fortnight or three weeks later in the season, at Bear Lake, on their way 

 to the breeding-places, differ in having a large white patch on the hind head and occiput, 

 with scattered white feathers on the neck and among the scapulars ; the sides under the 

 wings pure pearl-grey, and the sides of the rump unstained white. Captain Sabine describes 



* In the Anatinm and Fuligulince, in general, the lamince of the under mandible are crowned by a narrow, and 

 often more prominent, row of more crowded laminae ; but in the Harlequin Duck this upper row approaches nearer to the 

 size and form of the lower one ; and in the Long-tailed Duck the two rows scarcely differ in magnitude. — R. 



