6 NORTHERN ZOOLOGY. 



I shall next proceed to state the result, of my investigation with regard to 

 affinities observable between other tribes of the Euptera and the Eutrecha. Mr. 

 W.S.Mac Leay, in his arrangement, places Elaphrus next to the Cicindelidans, 9 and 

 its claims to affinity with them can scarcely be doubted ; but when we turn our 

 attention to one of the Elaphridans described in this catalogue, Opisthius Rich- 

 ardson!, we find that the tribe is also connected by affinity with the Subulipalpi 

 of Latreille, as Bembidium, &c. a further confirmation of this maybe derived from 

 an inspection of Ocydromus ftavipes (Bembidium Steph.) which though clearly one 

 of the tribe last mentioned, is as clearly related to Elaphrus. It is evident there- 

 fore that, by the Elaphridans, the Cicindelidans are connected with the Subulipalpi, 

 which I cannot agree with Mr. Mac Leay in regarding as belonging to the Harpa- 

 UdcB ; the Acutipalpi (Trechus and affinities) Subulipalpi and Elaphridce appear 

 to me to form a distinct tribe, consisting of Eutrecha delighting in humid places 

 and constituting an intermediate or transition group (or perhaps a minor section 

 which might be named Hygradephaga) usually consisting of small insects between 

 the Geadephaga, or terrestrial, and the Hydradephaga, or aquatic, Predaceous 

 Beetles. Here then we have a second series connected with Cicindela. 



Mr. Mac Leay considers the Carabidans as near in affinity to the Cicindelidans, 

 nor am I disposed to deny that they make an approach towards them ; for the males 

 of both are Sarrothropodous, the nearest approximation to Cicindela that these 

 make, as far as I have had an opportunity of examining the family, is by Carabus 

 splendens Oliv. 1 but this is still at a great distance and many forms are wanted to 

 fill up the interval. The Carabidans go off one way towards the Cystipodous 

 Dimani by the Chloeniadans and so proceed to the Quadrimani, from which we 

 may enter the osculant group of Elaphridans, &c. by Stenolophus which connects 

 my Harpalidans with Trechus, &c. 



Thus we have three distinct tribes that branch from the typical group, but we 

 seem to find nothing amongst the Bipartiti of Latreille to tend towards them, 

 unless we may suppose Oxygnathus De Jean, and some of the other Scaritidans, to 

 be connected with it by their mandibles. A circumstance however has been related of 

 the larva of Aristus bucephalus which indicates some affinity between it and that of 

 Cicindela ; we are told it has the same habits and form, 2 but to look at the perfect 

 insects, we see little resemblance, except an approach in the form of the thorax 



9 Anmtlos. Javan. 8. 



1 This insect is synonymous with that mentioned in the Introd. to Ent. (iv, 506, note) under the name of C. Icevigatus. 



2 N. D'H. N. ix, 510. Article Ditomus. 



