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NORTHERN ZOOLOGY 



furrows of the elytra are similar and crenated ; and between the claws, as in the 

 thalerophagous Lamellicorn Beetles, and some of the saprophagous is a plantula or 

 little spurious joint, but instead of a single pseudonychium or bristle, it is furnished 

 with two on each side. 3 All these circumstances prove something more than an 

 analogical relation between this genus and Passalus, and that they may be placed 

 near to each other in the scale of affinities, with no very wide interval between 

 them. Phrenapates differs from the last-mentioned genus, chiefly in its tongue, 

 the lobe of its maxilla, in its antenna? without a lamellated or pectinated knob ; in 

 having all the tibiae armed with teeth, and in its heteromerous tarsi. 



Having thus, as it should seem, discovered a link that may be connected with 

 the Passalidas, by the intervention probably of some intermediate genus, 4 we are next 

 to look for some group, leading towards the Rhynchophorous beetles, that will 

 approach it on the other side. Fabricius placed Sinodendrum amongst the Bostri- 



3 Introd. to Ent. iii, 385, 691. In the genuine Dynastida the Plantula is very conspicuous, but instead of Pseudonychia 

 it terminates in a pencil of stiffish hairs. 



I shall here give the characters of the genus alluded to in the text. 



* Genus Phrenapates. Kirb. 

 Lahrum transverse, submembranous, subemarginate, hairy, especially at the apex. 



Labium nearly square, above longitudinally lacunose ; at the apex emarginate in the middle with a sinus on each side. 

 Tongue horny, linear; dilated at the base, rounded at the apex, above convex. 



Mandibles protended, robust, three-sided, widest at the base and excavated, toothed at the apex, and internally. 

 Maxilla one-lobed ; lobe narrow, acute, fringed with hair on the inner side. 



Maxillary palpi four-jointed, filiform, the three first joints subclavated, the third shorter than the rest, last joint cylindrical. 

 Labial palpi three-jointed, filiform, two first joints subclavated, the third straight internally, curving externally, the first joint 



longer than the rest. 

 Mentum three-lobed, intermediate lobe much shorter than the lateral ones, truncated. 

 Antenna robust, eleven-jointed, joints somewhat spherical, the three last larger than the rest, so as to form an oblong knob. 



Body subcylindrical, naked. Head transverse, scarcely narrower than the prothorax : eyes small, prominent, subhemis- 

 pherical: trunk isthmiated: prothorax very slightly channelled, anteriorly and posteriorly subsinuated on each side; pres- 

 ternum dilated at the base ; at the apex recurved between the arms ; mesosternum an obtuse mucro ; metasternum a rounded 

 lobe : legs, posterior pairs distant ; thighs subcompressed linear ; tibia? armed with spiny teeth, with a pair of moveable 

 spurs and a pair of fixed teeth at the apex ; four anterior tarsi five-jointed, with the four first joints very short, the last 

 elongated and clavate ; posterior four-jointed with the first joint rather long, the two next short, the claw-joint as in the 

 other legs ; claws single incurved; between the claws is a spurious joint furnished at the end with two pairs of bristles : 

 scutellum triangular ; elytra slightly furrowed, furrows crenate. 



There is a Sierra Leone insect taken by Afzelius, and described by Gyllenhal,* under the name of Passandra sexstriata, 

 which comes near Phrenapates, but the labium, tongue, and antenna; differ. 



P. Bennettii, nigra, glabra, nitida : capite fricorni, cornu intermedio incurvo, apice subemarginato, lateralibus obliquis trun- 

 catis. Length of the body, mandibles included, 1 inch 2 lines. Two or three specimens taken by Edward Bennett, Esq. 

 in Choco in Colombia. 



The mandibles in this species &ra incurved at the apex, and armed with three sharpish teeth, the intermediate one being 

 the longest ; on the innerside are two short obtuse ones, of which the posterior one is the smallest. 



1 Sinodendrum cylindricum appears an intermediate insect agreeing in many characters with Phrenapates. Its antenna? 

 exhibit the knob of those of the Lucanida. 



* Schon. Syn. iii, append. 140, 200, t. vi, /. 3. 



