VANESSIDzE. 295 



CLXXXII. Genus CYNTHIA. Fabr. 



(413) 1. Cynthia Cardui. (Fabricius.) Cynthia of the Thistle. 



Cynthia Cardui. Kirb. and Sp. Introd. to Ent. ii, 437, iii, 458, 460. Jerm. Butt. 66, 109. Steph. lllustr. Haustell. i, 



47, 1. Brit. Bvtt. 19, t. xi. Dun. (Nat. Lib. Ent. iii, 174,) t. xix, /. 2. 

 Vanessa Cardui. God. Lepidopt. i, 5, 2 ; Encijcl. Method, t. Jiv. 1. Lat. Crust. Arachn. et Ins. ii, 380, 3. Meig. Schmett. 



ii, 73, 1, t. xvii, /. 1. 

 Libythea Cardui. Lam. An. sans Vertebr. iv, 29, 5. 

 Papilio Cardui. Linn. Syst. Nat. ii, 774, 157; Fn. Suec. 1034. Fab. Ent. Syst. iii, 104, 320. Scop. Cam. 426. Hiibn. 



Schmett. 14, 1, t. xv, f. 73— 74. Wienn. Schmett. 175, 2. Illig. iJfagr. iii, 1, 104,320. Lew. Pap. t. vi, / 1, 4. Don. 



7ns. ix, 9, t. ccxcii. Berk. Syn. i, 126. Haw. Lepidopt. i, 20, 22. Stew. Elem. ii, 125. Shaw. Nat. Misc. xi, t. ccccxxx. 



Mull. Zool. Dan. 1299 ; Fn. Frid. 518. Esp. Schmett. i, 133, *. x, /. 3. Ernst. Pap. i, 20, t. vii,/. 7. Berg. ins. 20, 



t. lxii, /. 1—6. Icon. Pap. ii, ;. x, /. 1—7. HSf. 7ierZ. 71%. ii, 64, 13. Panz. Fn. Germ, xxii, t. 19. Bork. Schmett. 



i, 13, 199, 6. Ehein. Mag. 255, 44. Schneid. Schmett. 153, 81. Boss. Trc. Etrusc. ii, 1013. Fuess. 7ns. 29, 569. 



Lang. Verzeich. ii, a, 33,237—39. Schwarz. Raupen-kal. 156, 342, 485, 624. Schrank. Fn. Boic. 1331. Wilks. Pap. 



56, t. cvii, /. 1. Vill. 7Jn<. ii, 32, 45. Fourc. Ent. Par. 235, 7. Ced. Fn. Ingr. 613. 

 Papibo Carduelis. Cram. Pap. t. xxvi, /. e, f. 



Mouff. 7ns. 101,/. 9, 10. Pet. Gazoph. t. iv, f. 21, 22; Mus. 35, 326. Bai. Hist. Ins. 122, 13. Alb. 7ns. t. Ivi. Seb. 

 Thes. 4, 1, e. Goed. 7ns. 3, t. a ; Tv/. Zwf. t. i, / 6. Schasff. 7con. t. xcvii, /. 5, 6. Bos. 7ns. i, 57, t. x. Mer. 

 Eruo. iii, t. xv. Geoff. 7ns. ii, 41, 7. Beaum. 7ns. <. xxvi, /. 11,12. H — s. Aurel. t. xi, /. e. f. 



Expansion of the wings 2 inches and 7 lines. 



Taken in North America. Canada? 



DESCRIPTION. 



Body underneath white, above brown. Antennas long, reddish on the under side, on the upper 

 alternately brown and white ; knob brown, tipped with pale-yellow, with a mucro at the summit : 

 wings brown at the base, dusted with tawny-yellow : primaries dark-brown, sometimes almost black, 

 at the apex barred, spotted and dotted with white, the interior portion is tawny with an oblique band 

 of black angular spots : at the apex is a double transverse series of indistinct white crescents ; 

 underneath these wings are gray at the base with a black spot ; the costal area is gray barred with 

 black ; the disk is tawny with a macular abbreviated band consisting of four black spots, the last 

 transverse and angular not reaching the interior margin, above this band at the costa is a white bar; 

 the apex of the wing is grayish-brown spotted with white ; the spots corresponding with those on the 

 upper side, only the dots and spot form indistinct eyelets : the fringe is alternately white and brown 

 on both sides : the secondaries are tawny, dark-brown or brownish-black at the base and the costa, 

 with a whitish discoidal transverse spot : at the posterior margin is a triple series of black spots, the 

 first consists of five subocellated round ones, with an indistinct white pupil ; the second of six 

 crescents ; the third of as many subtriangular spots : underneath these wings are paler, grayish-brown, 

 clouded, spotted, and streaked, with white or buff-colour; parallel with the posterior margin are five 

 eyelets ; that nearest the anal angle is the largest and consists of a black atmosphere, a buff-coloured 

 iris, the pupil above is blue edged with red, and below black dusted with white ; the three 

 next eyelets are smaller, in the second the iris which is pale is edged on one side with black, and 

 the pupil is black dusted and edged above with white ; in the third there is no atmosphere, and the 



