105 



situated, that is, terminal to " brachyblasts " which originally produced 

 flowers only ; and that the carpels and stamens of the flowers oi* 

 " Arcliigymnos'permo?" from which the present Gymnospermm have been 

 derived had marginal ovules (as Gycas) and pollen-sacs or small groups 

 of pollen-sacs associated in numbers of 2-3 (lj . 



My own observations : — Numerous instances of progressive meta- 

 morphoses of different parts of floral organs are on record, but no 

 instances of staminody and pistillody (carpellody, if I may use the term) 

 of foliage leaves are found in chief literature of vegetable teratology. 

 These unusual cases of anamorphosis, showing various steps of progress- 

 ive metamorphoses are occasionally found in Ginkgo. 



My observations were made chiefly on two old female Ginkgo trees 

 in Shimoyama village, Minami-koma county in the province of 

 Kai, on the west bank of the river Fuji, and a male Ginkgo tree in 

 Kami-yagisawa village, Nishi-yashiro county in the province of 

 Kai, on the east bank of the river. These two female trees (2) produce 

 ovules, and the male tree f3) pollen-sacs, in the marginal portion of foliage 

 leaves of the " Kurztriebe " as well as in their normal positions of the 

 flower. Such abnormal formations of floral organs are found abundantly 

 in these trees ; but as a rule neither in every " Kurztrieb " of a branch, 

 nor in every leaf of a " Kurztrieb/' But often some of the leaves of a 

 " Kurztrieb " produce such abnormal formations, and all the rest only 

 show indications of such. 



The number of ovules or pollen-sacs formed upon a single leaf varies 

 from one to thirteen or more, and the formation of such ovules or 

 pollen-sacs always takes place partly in expense of the tissue of the leaf, 

 the margin of the latter being notched at the point of the formation. 

 So in many cases the lamina of the leaf is almost entirely transformed 

 into a group of ovules or pollen-sacs. The form of ovules ,or pollen-sacs 

 is then very irregular and deformed, but when they are few in number and 

 not crowded, it is generally the same with that of normal ones. The 

 ovules and fruits formed upon the leaf are always smaller than normal 



CD Author's "Keferat," Engl. J., XII., 1890, Lit-Ber., p. 66-76. 



< 2 ) One of the two trees grows in the yard of the Buddhist temple Jotakuji (_h^#), and 

 was found in July, 1891 by Mr. M. Shirai. The other tree grows in the yard of Honkokuji 

 (^HH^p), and was found by myself in Oct., 3891, during my journey to Shimoyama, intended 

 for the closer observation of the female tree of Jotaknji, with the permission of the dis- 

 coverer. 



< 3 ' The male tree was found on my second visit to Kai in April, 1892. 



