﻿48 BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. [Yoi. xx, 



of the shoot and also on the under surface of all other affected portions. 

 The sori are so densely formed and fecidiospores are so massively develop- 

 ing that the affected portions become thickly covered by the brilliant 

 orange-yellowish dust of spores concealing the light greenish surface of the 

 host on which they occur (Fig. 5). 



After the maturation of spores the diseased portions gradually die 

 together with the fungus mycelium traversing them. However, we find 

 occasionally that the mycelium may remain spreading up and down on the 

 node of branch, on which the affected buds have developed. It effects slight 

 swelling of the branch and winters intercellulary in the cortical parenchyma. 

 The wintering mycelium can infect in the next spring young buds that 

 may occur within its extent. 



The hyphte is double contoured, septate and branched, and has a 

 diameter of 8.5-10 //.. It sends out, at short intervals, cystolith-like 

 haustoria to the surrounding parenchymatous cells (Fig. 9). 



Diseased leaves are exceedingly thick and succulent. Stipules decidu- 

 ous in the normal state become persistent and assume the form and 

 texture of the diseased blade (Figs. 10, 11). 



In the chloranthic flowers the stalks greatly elongate and thicken to 

 15-20 mm in length and 5-6 mm in diameter. Sepals, on which no 

 aBcidiospore is formed, remain less deviated in form. However, the other 

 floral organs, namely, petals, stamens and pistils are thrown into phyl- 

 lomorphic change of various degrees. 



It is only on those flower-buds, which are traversed in the earlier stage 

 of development by the fungus mycelium through all portions, that the complete 

 chloranthy takes place. In partially affected flowers, as shown in Fig. 2 a, 

 each organ comes sooner or later to wither like that of normal flowers. 



The following is the results of the teratological studies on the chloranthy: — 



1. In the chloranthic flower the arrangement of all organs remain 

 entirely undisturbed. 



2. The phyllomorphic organs resemble in their general features the 

 affected leaves instead of the normal. 



3. The number of stamens undergoing the phyllomorphic change is 

 very variable, some of them becoming often abortive. 



4. The form of phyllomorphic stamens varies within wide limits ; they 

 become sometimes bilaminar leaves (Fig. 4 g), sometimes only the basal 

 or upper portion of them become laminar, or dichotomous leaves are 

 rarely produced (Fig. 4 h). 





