336 



THE GARDENER'S ASSISTANT. 



B. — Trees and shrubs that withstand the sea-breeze when 

 slightly screened or partially sheltered. 



Deciduous Shrubs. 



Syringa vulgaris. 



,, persica. 

 Ligu strum vulgare. 



,, ovalifolium. 



Viburnum Opulus sterile. 

 Fuchsia ma^ellanica. 



„ Riccartoni. 

 Diervilla rosea. 



,, amabilis. 

 Cornus sanguinea. 



Colutea arborescens. 

 Philadelphus coronarius. 

 Azalea pontica. 

 Spartium junceum. 

 Cytisus albns. 

 Spiraea, many varieties. 

 Deutzia crenata. 

 Buddleia globosa. 

 Leycesteria formosa. 



Evergreen Shrubs. 



Rhododendron, hybrid and al- 

 pine" varieties. 

 Arbutus Unedo. 

 „ Andrachne. 

 „ procera. 

 Taxus baccata. 

 Viburnum Tinus. 

 Ilex Aquifolium balearica 



(maderensis). 

 Ilex Aquifolium angustifolia. 

 „ laurifolia. 



„ ,, variegata. 



Pernettya mucronata. 

 Cerasus lusitanica. 

 Baccharis halimifolia. 



Laurus nobilis. 

 Elseagnus argentea. 

 Cerasus Laurocerasus 

 Griselinia littoralis. 



,, lucida. 

 Olearia Haastii. 

 Daphne Laureola. 

 Garrya elliptica. 

 Buxus sempervirens. 



,, balearica. 

 Aucuba japonica 



varieties. 

 Ligustrum japonicum. 

 Andromeda floribunda. 



Deciduous Trees. 



Acer platanoides. 

 Platanus orientalis. 

 Laburnum vulgare. 

 Pyrus Mains prunifolia. 

 Primus Padus. 



Cerasua Avium flore-pleno. 

 Populus alba. 



,, nigra. 



,, tremula. 

 Quercus. various. 



Evergreen Trees. 



Cupressus Lawsoniana. 



,, macrocarpa. 



,, nootkatensis. 

 Araucaria imbricata. 

 Picea Nordmanniana. 



Picea pectinata. 



„ Pinsapo. 



,, nobilis. 



„ concolor. 

 Thuja occidental^. 



and its 



Among deciduous trees the Mountain Ash 

 (Pyrus Aucuparia), the Sjvcamore {Acer Pseudo- 

 Platanus), and the Wych Elm (JJlmus montana), 

 and among evergreen trees the species of Pinus 

 named in list, have been found the most 

 persistent. These trees, if planted in masses, 

 grow freely, and maintain their shape even in 

 positions of considerable exposure. Among 

 shrubs, or trees that may be treated as shrubs, 

 the Sea Buckthorn (Hi]>/>uj>I«ie rhamnoides) grows 

 freely within a few } T ards of high water mark, 

 where it is liable to be drenched by the salt 

 spray of every storm. Placed less near to the 

 sea-margin the Goat Willow (Salix Caprea) shows 

 great powers of endurance. In a like situation 

 the Elder (Sambucus) grows vigorously, and 

 though some of its } 7 oung shoots are liable to 

 be killed during winter these are speedily con- 

 cealed by the exuberant growth of the follow- 

 ing season. On the south coast, as at Brighton, 

 a double or even a single row of Tamarisks, 

 planted closely together, is employed with great 

 success in exposed situations. They are found 

 to thrive in positions where even the Sycamore 



suffers greatly; Euonymus japonicus is also em- 

 ployed with success as a screen towards the sea 

 in many places on the south coast. Good results 

 have been obtained with Holly, less satisfactory 

 with Yew, Laurustinus, and Laurel, the common 

 Laurel being less persistent than the Portugal 

 Laurel. Most of the ornamental Hollies need 

 some shelter. The Araucaria and the varieties 

 of Cypress named in the preceding lists grow 

 vigorously with only the shelter of a border 

 screen such as described. 



Certain common trees, such as the Lime, the 

 Horse Chestnut, the Scotch Fir, and the Spruce 

 are not suited for planting in exposed sea-side 

 positions. The Willows (Salix) mentioned in the 

 preceding list are specially serviceable. Between 

 Blackpool and Southport S. alba, S. rubra, &c, 

 are extensively planted in belt-lines to protect 

 other trees and shrubs from the winds that 

 sweep along that part of the coast with unusual 

 severity. They not only grow rapidly — reach- 

 ing heights of 20 to 30 feet in three or four 

 years — but they thrive in poor sandy soil. As 

 evergreen hedge-plants in the south and south- 

 west coasts, the Escallonias are remarkably fine. 

 Lavatera arborea (tree-Mallow) is a biennial, but 

 on the southern coasts, where it has become 

 naturalized, it attains a height of from 8 to 12 

 feet the second year. It will grow on the very 

 edge of the sea, and thickly planted belts of it 

 are sometimes used for screening garden crops 

 from direct sea -blasts. Lycium barbarum is 

 another useful fence plant for sea-side situations. 

 At some sea-side resorts, Cromer, for instance, 

 it is very commonly used for fields, gardens, &c, 

 quite close to the sea. 



For small places a screen border of 20 feet 

 in breadth is desirable, and still broader if the 

 amount of ground can conveniently be spared. 

 Such a border may be planted externally with 

 a selection of the trees and shrubs enumerated 

 in the first portion of the list A, and internally 

 with a selection of the denser -growing ever- 

 greens from that list and the list B. In cases 

 where the external border or screen needs to be 

 made quite narrow a row of Tamarisks or of 

 Euonymus planted closely together will be found 

 very suitable for the more sunny localities, and 

 for those less favoured by sunshine the Sea 

 Buckthorn, the Goat Willow, and the Elder, 

 kept to the size of large shrubs, will do excel- 

 lent service. 



In planting specimen trees of the less per- 

 sistent kinds full advantage should be taken of 

 minute local circumstances that afford some 

 shelter. The position, in reference to strong 



