HAEDY HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS. 



353 



Cardamine (Lady's Smock). —Pretty plants of the 

 order Cruciferae, preferring damp situations. The flowers 

 of C. pratensis, fl. pi. are purplish when they first open, 

 but become white. C. trifolia is an evergreen rock plant 

 with small white flowers. 



White (purplish at first), 12 inches. 



Europe. 



C. pratensis, fl. pi. 

 Europe (Britain). 

 C. trifolia. White, 6 inches 



Carex (Sedge). — A large genus, but not many of the 

 species are worth a place in the garden. C. pendula and 

 C. paludosa, both natives, are perhaps the most useful. 



Fig. 426.— Campanula mirabilis. 



They are happiest when planted in wet positions, and 

 are most serviceable for water-side gardens. Increased 

 by seeds or division. 



Centaurea. — Showy plants of easy culture, suitable 

 for the back row of herbaceous border, or for open spaces 

 in the shrubbery. The leaves are large, and in some of 

 the species they are silvery, and therefore of striking 

 appearance. Many are useful for decoration, and are 

 largely grown by our market-growers for that purpose. 

 Increased by division or seeds. 



C. dealbata. Rose, 1J foot. Asia Minor. 

 C. glastifolia. Golden-yellow, 4 feet. Asia Minor. 

 C. inacrocephala. Yellow, 4 to 5 feet. Armenia. 

 C. viontana. Blue, 1 to 2 feet. Europe (Britain). 

 C. ruthenica. Pale-yellow, 3 to 4 feet. Orient. 



Centranthus (Red Valerian). — In some places in 

 Britain — Kent, for instance — this handsome plant almost 

 covers the railway banks, and is very striking when in 

 flower in June. For clothing old walls, ruins, or for 

 massing in the wild garden, it is a most serviceable plant. 

 It is happiest and richest in colour when on chalk soils. 

 There is a white variety, which is quite worth growing. 



Cephalaria. — Somewhat coarse members of the Teazel 

 family, more suitable perhaps for the wild garden and 

 shrubbery than for the border. They are effective, and 

 the flowers are useful for cutting. Increased by seeds. 



C. alpina. Pale-yellow, 5 feet. Europe. 



Cerastium. — Pretty silvery-leaved low-growing rock 

 plants. Some of the hairy-leaved species are liable to 

 Vol. I. 



suffer from damp if not protected by a sheet of glass 

 held by wire supports. Increased by division and seeds. 

 C. tomentosum, which is the one best known in general 

 cultivation, is increased by cuttings. 



C. alpinurn. White, 2 inches. Eurojje (Britain). 

 C. purpurascens. Purple, 2 inches. Asia Minor. 

 C. tomentosum. White, silvery ioli&gts, 3 inches. Europe. 



Cheiranthus. — The Wallflower genus contains several 

 pretty and fragrant Alpine species, which grow well in 

 light soil in the border or rockery. Seeds sown in July, 

 pricked out in a rather dry position, will flower the fol- 

 lowing spring. C. Mar- 

 shallii, a hybrid, can only 

 be propagated by cuttings. 

 C. Cheiri is the progenitor 

 of the popular forms of 

 Wallflower, and is a true 

 perennial when grown in a 

 light stony soil in a sunny 

 position. 



C. alpinus. Pale-yellow, 



1 foot. Europe. 

 C. Cheiri. Variable, 1 foot. 



Europe (Britain). 



C. keivensis. Purple and 

 brown (Cheiri x matabilis). 



C.Marshallii. Orange, 1 foot. 

 Garden origin. 



C. matabilis. Bronze-purple, 



2 feet. Madeira. 



Chelone. — Closely al- 

 lied to Pentstemon, and 

 comprising some handsome 

 border plants which flower 

 in late summer and au- 

 tumn. They are of easy 

 culture, thriving in ordi- 

 nary garden soil and any 

 position, and may be pro- 

 pagated by seeds, cuttings, or division. Some of the 

 plants known in gardens as Chelones are correctly Pent- 

 stemons, i.e. C. barbata, C. gentianoides, &c. 



C. glabra. Creamy-white, 8 feet. North America. 

 C. Lyoni (major). Rosy-pink, 2 feet. North America. 

 C. obliqua. Violet-purple, 3 feet. North America. 



Chionodoxa (Glory of the Snow). — A small genus 

 of bulbous plants, related to Scilla. There is a hybrid 

 between the two genera, namely Chionoscilla Alleni (C. 

 Lucilice x S. bifolia). They are natives of Asia Minor 

 and Crete, where they occur at high elevations, flowering 

 among the melting snows. They are quite hardy in 

 England, and are among the earliest of harbingers of 

 spring. They should be planted on slopes, or even in 

 grass, where the soil is suitable. They prefer a light. 

 loamy soil in a position where they will not get baked 

 in summer. The bulbs should be planted in autumn, 

 about 3 inches deep, the distance between being not 

 more than 3 inches. They may also be grown in pots 

 for the conservatory, five or seven bulbs in a 4 S -sized 

 pot. 



C. Lucilice. Bright-blue and white, S inches. Asia Minor, 

 ,, var. alba. White. 



C. nana. White tinged blue, S inches. Crete. 



C. sardensis (fig 427). Genetian blue, white eye, S inches. 

 Asia Minor. 



„ var. gigantea, a large-flowered form. 



Chrysanthemum. — A genus of many species, of 

 which only few are of value in the garden. There are, 

 however, of these many varieties, particularly of the 



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