KITCHEN-GARDEN VEGETABLES. 
Nonpareil, Shilling’s Queen, or Little Pixie, with 
London Rosette, or similar kinds that heart 
quickly, may be made in May for the early part 
of winter. 
The fourth, or autumn sowing as it 1s occa- 
sionally termed, is the most important, as it 
Fig. 1170.—Cabbage—Ellam’s Early. 
furnishes the plants which afford the principal 
supply for spring and early summer use. The 
proper time for this sowing varies from the 
middle of July to the middle of August, ac- 
cording to the soil, climate, and variety em- 
ployed; a cold soil and climate requiring the 
415 
earlier period, whilst the later period is the 
most suitable where the contrary is the case. 
Early Battersea, Early Offenham, Sutton’s 
Earliest, Ellam’s Early, and allied sorts, not 
being apt to run to seed, may be sown earlier 
than Early York, and others similar to it, which 
often start into flower without previously form- 
ing a heart. 
In warm soils and situations the best time 
for sowing such kinds as Early Offenham and 
other ‘“non-bolters” is the end of July, a week 
earlier answering well in the south-western coun- 
ties, even if the subsoil is of a clayey nature. 
Many of the market-gardeners near London 
always sow at this time, or as soon afterwards 
as possible. In cold situations, especially in 
Scotland, the seeds of early varieties should be 
sown from the 10th to the 15th of July. Early 
York, and others of a similar nature, ought not 
to be sown till the second week of August in 
the north, and not till the end of that month 
in the warm parts of the south, Those sown in 
July will be ready to plant out early in Sep- 
tember; and those sown in August early in 
October, as soon as ground can be cleared for 
their reception. 
Red Cabbages should be sown in the end of 
July and in March; and a few of some small 
sort may be sown ina frame in the end of January 
or beginning of February, as they may be wanted 
Vig. 1171.—Cabbage—Sutton’s Earliest. 
for pickling before those sown in March are 
fit. 
Sowing for Coleworts.—The cultivation of an 
open, hardy Dorsetshire Kale, for winter Greens, 
has long been discontinued. These Greens were 
known under the name of Coleworts. This name, 
or others evidently derived from it, as Collard 
and Collet, is now applied to young unhearted 
Cabbages, which are pulled up by the roots, and 
tied in bunches for the market. Improved 
Nonpareil, and allied sorts answer well for this 
purpose. The seeds are sown for Coleworts 
about the third week in June. Matchless, 
being more apt to run to seed, may be sown 
with the same object about the middle of 
July, and successional plantations, for filling up 
spare ground, may be made from the principal 
autumn sowing of Cabbages in July. 
Additional Sowings.—Sowings at the periods 
named will generally be sufficient for a supply 
