446 
Canada Crook-neck.—Without doubt far superior to 
any other for the late or main crop. It is fine-grained, 
mealy, and of a sweet excellent flavour. By being kept 
in a dry and suitable temperature [not below 38°] the 
fruit may be preserved till the following summer. 
Crook-neck (Early Bush).—Much cultivated in America, 
and esteemed the best sort for summer. It is a bush 
variety, very early and productive. Fruit crooked-necked, 
with numerous warty excrescences on the surface; colour 
bright-yellow; shell very hard when ripe. As it does 
not run, it may be planted 3 feet apart. 
Crown Gourd (Bonnet or Scollop Gourd, Pattypan of 
the Americans).—The plant forms a round bush, and 
does not run. The fruit, which is produced very close 
to the stem, is flat and scolloped on the edge. In 
America two sub-varieties, Early Yellow and Early 
White, are cultivated, and used when young and tender 
for boiling as a vegetable, and at maturity for making 
pies. 
Eqg, Apple, and Orange Gourds.—In size, form, and 
colour these resemble the objects after which they are 
named. ‘Trained on a pole, they are very ornamental. 
The fruits may be used in a young state, but in quality 
they are not equal to the Vegetable Marrow. 
Eqg-shaped Gourd (Reeves’ Gourd).—Fruit weighing 
from 15 to 20 lbs.; but may be grown to upwards of 
50 lbs.; short, ovate, sometimes tapering abruptly. Skin 
or shell hard, of a reddish colour. Flesh firm, red, excel- 
lent when ripe and cooked as a vegetable, or in any other | 
way in which Gourds are prepared. The stems run to a 
very great length, and bear most abundantly. 
Green - stripped Bergen.—A bush variety of strong 
growth, requiring to be planted 4 feet apart. Fruit small, 
bell-shaped, striped with dark-green and white. It is 
used both in the green and ripe state. It is cultivated 
to a considerable extent for the New York market; and, 
although it is not so productive as some, yet it is said to 
be comparatively hardy, ripening well even in the coldest 
seasons. 
Harrison's Pumpkin is a very productive variety of the 
preceding, according to Kenrick, who states that it has 
produced upwards of 50,000 lbs. of fruit per acre. 
Italian Vegetable Marrow.—This forms a dwarf bush 
with short reclining stems and upright leaves, which are 
deeply five-lobed. The fruits are used when the flowers 
are about to drop from their ends; they are then from 
4 to 5 inches long, and 14 to 24 inches in diameter. 
When ripe, the fruit is from 15 to 18 inches in length, 
and about 6 inches in diameter. It is pale-yellow, striped 
with dark-green. It should, however, be used in the 
young green state, for when mature it is not so good 
as many of the other Gourds. It bears very abundantly, 
and as it does not run, may be grown in smaller compass 
than the true Vegetable Marrow. 
Mammoth Pumpkin (Large Yellow Gourd, American | 
Gourd).—This is the largest-fruited variety known. In 
a very rich compost above a large quantity of manure, 
and under favourable conditions of climate, it grows to 
an enormous size; fruit weighing 120 lbs. is by no means 
uncommon. 
Sutcombe, in Devonshire, one weighing 245 lbs. was pro- 
duced. This, we believe, is the heaviest fruit on record. 
The leaves are very large, and the stems thick, running 
along the ground to the distance of 20 or 30 feet if not 
stopped, and readily striking root at the joints. The 
fruit is round or oblate, sometimes flattened on the under 
side owing to its great weight, sometimes obtusely ribbed, 
yellowish, or pale-buff, frequently covered to a consider- 
In America it has weighed 226 lbs.; and at | 
THE GARDENER’S ASSISTANT. 
able extent with a gray netting. Flesh very deep yellow. 
It is only used in a full-grown or ripe state, in which it 
will keep for several months, and even during the winter, 
if preserved in a dry airy place, where it may be sus- 
pended in a strong net. The flesh is used in soups and 
stews, mashed, or baked in pies. 
Spanish Gourd.—Fruit of medium size, very flat; skin 
smooth and hard, usually green. Flesh firm, and of 
excellent flavour. 
Turk’s Cap (Turban Pumpkin).—Fruit of medium size, 
flat, with a rounded margin and elevated centre, which 
is deep-green; the rest is yellow or pale-green. Flesh 
firm. Chiefly grown for ornament in this country. 
Vegetable Marrow.—See p. 522. 
Winter Crook-neck.—The kind most generally cultivated | 
in New England for autumn and winter use. Fruit long, 
curved, and solid, of a pale-yellow; but the deeper the 
colour the better. An abundant bearer, excellent for 
pies. Being a runner, it should be planted 6 feet apart. 
Hop (Humulus Lupulus). A perennial, native 
of this country. The use of its flowers in brew- 
ing is well known. In gardens it is principally 
grown as a screen to hide unsightly objects. 
Its young shoots, cut when about 4 inches above 
ground, are occasionally used in spring instead 
of Asparagus. Male and female flowers are 
_borne on separate plants, the female being the 
one cultivated in plantations. Several varieties 
are distinguished by Hop-growers. | 
The Hop prefers a rich deep loam, deeply dug, 
and manured if necessary. It is propagated by 
division in spring or autumn, or by cuttings of 
the shoots of the preceding year taken off from 
the crown of the plant in March. If the plants 
are intended for the production of tops, they may 
be planted a foot apart, in rows 3 feet asunder; 
or in a single row near any object which it may 
be desirable to screen. Poles or sticks should be 
placed for them to climb upon, and the ground 
should be kept free of weeds, and stirred in 
spring and autumn. 
Horehound (Marrubium vulgare). A per- 
ennial, native of Britain. Its leaves and tops 
have long been a popular remedy for coughs, 
particularly that which so frequently follows 
_an attack of influenza or similar severe form 
of cold. 
It may be propagated by dividing the plant 
in spring; by sowing the seeds in February, 
March, or April; or by cuttings, planted in a 
shady border in April. Plant 18 inches apart, 
in adry warm situation. All the care necessary 
is to keep the ground clean, and the plants will 
last for many years. 
Horse-Radish (Cochlearia Armoracia) (fig. 
1203). A hardy perennial, naturalized in Bri- 
