KITCHEN-GARDEN VEGETABLES. 
an abundance of pods do these double rows give 
that two of them 20 yards long are ample to 
meet the requirements of a moderately large 
establishment. Avoid overcrowding, and pinch 
- out the points of running growths when these 
have reached the top of the stakes. 
The sticks require to be strong, otherwise, 
when loaded with the plants, high winds sway 
the whole to one side. In many cases such 
sticks cannot be procured; when this is the 
case it is a good plan to sow in patches or 
circles of about 2 feet in diameter and 6 feet 
apart, six seeds being placed in the circumfer- 
ence of each circle. Three sticks, on which 
the branches and twigs are retained, should 
be stuck in at three equidistant points, just 
outside the circle, and their tops brought 
together and tied. Secured in this way, the 
sticks will afford good support. The ground 
can also be planted with some crop, such as 
Broccoli, between the Beans. 
Runner Beans transplant readily, and blanks 
may be filled up accordingly from where the 
plants are the thickest, or a number of plants 
may be quickly raised in boxes and pots in 
gentle heat, and after being duly hardened off, 
may be planted out where they are required. 
Very early rows should be protected with 
strips of cotton netting, canvas, or mats, sup- 
ported by benders. 
If the roots are packed away like Dahlia 
roots, and replanted in March, 6 inches apart, 
in rows 5 feet asunder, they are likely to yield 
a crop much earlier than plants raised from 
spring-sown seeds. They are, however, rarely 
resorted to. . 
When the plants are growing slowly, or 
whilst the soil and air are colder than is con- 
genial to them, they will not require much 
water; but when in vigorous growth, and the 
pods are forming abundantly, plenty of water 
should be supplied, but not from a cold spring. 
Earth should be drawn to the stems, as directed 
for Kidney-Beans. In training straggling shoots 
to any support that may be employed they 
should be directed from right to left, or con- 
trary to the course of the sun. If turned other- 
wise they will not go on. Gathering the crop 
and saving seeds are conducted as for the 
Kidney-Bean. 
The varieties generally cultivated are:— 
Chelsea Giant White—Remarkable for its free-cropping 
habit and continuous bearing, as well as for its gigantic, 
thick, fleshy pods, often measuring 15 inches in length, 
which are proportionately broad and of splendid table 
quality. 
Mammoth Scarlet.—Surpasses all the older sorts in size 
513 
and quality. It is abundantly prolific, bearing in clusters 
enormously long, broad, thick fleshy pods of a dark-green 
colour, which when cooked are particularly tender. 
Ne Plus Ultra.—Flowers scarlet; pods long, perfect 
in form and of excellent quality. A heavy cropper; a 
favourite with growers for market. 
Painted Lady.—¥F lowers bright-scarlet and pure-white; 
very ornamental; but as regards quality and productive- 
ness is scarcely equal to Scarlet Runner. 
Scarlet Runner.—Grows from 9 to 12 feet high. Flowers 
scarlet; seeds dark-red; pods rough on the outside, and 
on that account less esteemed than Kidney-Beans; never- 
theless they are tender when cooked. 
Sutton’s Al (fig. 1280).—This can easily be distin- 
guished from other varieties by the darker colour of its 
leaves and flowers. The deep-green pods, which hang in 
Fig. 1280.—Scarlet Runner—Sutton’s A1. 
great clusters, are straight, fleshy, and of immense size; 
when cooked they are tender and of excellent quality. 
White Runner.—A variety with white flowers and 
seeds ; it does not continue so long in flower and bearing 
as the Scarlet, which is therefore the more useful of the 
two; its ripe seeds are preferred to those of the Scarlet 
by the French. For ornament a few of the white may 
be intermixed. 
Scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica) (fig. 1281). 
—A hardy perennial, native of Spain. The 
root, for which the plant is cultivated, is Carrot- 
shaped, black outside and white inside. It is 
cooked in the same way as Salsafy. 
Scorzonera succeeds best in a light, deep, free 
soil, and an open situation. It is raised from 
seeds sown in drills 1 foot apart, and covered 
to the depth of $ inch. As it is apt to run to 
seed if sown too early, and consequently to be- 
come tough and woody, it is better not to sow 
till the end of April in the hotter parts of the 
kingdom; elsewhere it may be sown in the end 
of March. A second sowing may be made in 
May. The young plants, when 3 or 4 inches 
high, should be thinned out to 8 inches asunder 
in the rows. In September, some of the roots 
will have attained sufficient size to be drawn 
for immediate use; others will come in for use 
in October and November. In the latter month 
