CALENDAR FOR THE FRUIT AND KITCHEN GARDENS. 
case of severe frost. Remove decayed leaves. 
Towards the end of the month a little Summer 
or Round Spinach may be sown between the 
rows of Peas. 
Turnips.—At the end of the month sow Early 
Milan, Snowball, or White Stone on a warm 
border. 
Harpy-FRvuIT DEPARTMENT. 
The ground for plantations of fruit-trees 
should be prepared in autumn, for these trees 
are, generally speaking, best planted immediately 
after the fall of the leaf; but if circumstances 
have prevented the preparation of the ground, 
this should be carried on when the weather per- 
mits. If the subsoil is good, the ground should 
be loosened to the depth of 3 feet; if water rise 
so as to remain for any considerable time within 
that distance from the surface, means should be 
adopted for drawing it off; if there should be no 
possibility of doing this owing to want of fall, 
then, in trenching, soil, rubbish, or stones may 
be put to the bottoms of the trenches, in order 
to raise the good soil to a higher level. 
Plant Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherries, Quinces, 
Medlars, Chestnuts, Walnuts, Mulberries, Fil- 
berts, Gooseberries, Currants, Raspberries, Apri- 
cots, Peaches, and Nectarines. 
Prune all the kinds of trees above-mentioned, 
but not when their branches are frozen. 
Shoots to be used as grafts should be cut off, 
especially those of Plums, Cherries, and Apples, 
as, if not taken off early they seldom succeed. 
Place them with their ends in soil in a sheltered 
situation, where neither the sun’s rays nor dry- 
ing winds will directly affect them, till the 
grafting season arrive. Cut back the limbs of 
old trees intended to be grafted, for if left till 
the sap is flowing, the bark dies back below the 
wound, and canker is apt to ensue. 
shoots where they are too crowded, and remove 
_ all useless growths from the central part of the 
trees in bearing. Cut off the heads of stocks; 
those of the Quince should be cut off early in 
the month. 
Make cuttings of Gooseberries and Currants; 
they may be 9 inches or 1 foot in length, and all 
the eyes should be picked out to the height of 
6 inches from the base. 
Clean and fork lightly the ground between the 
rows of Strawberries ; and then mulch with long 
dung, the nourishing principles of which will be 
carried down to the roots by the rain for the 
benefit of the crop; litter the ground with straw 
to keep the fruit clean. 
VoL. II. 
Thin out 
533 
In bad weather prepare new nails by putting 
them in boiling linseed-oil, which will prevent 
them from rusting. Pick the shreds from nails 
that have been used, heat the nails to a red-heat, 
and when cooled a little below this, plunge them 
in the oil. All shreds fit to use again should 
be boiled to destroy insects. 
ForRCING DEPARTMENT. 
Asparagus.—Make fresh beds for succession. 
Those in bearing should have a bottom-heat of 
between 60° and 70°; the top-heat should be 
about the same, but care should be taken that it 
does not exceed 75°. For early forcing, pits 
having hot-water pipes are preferable to others, 
as they will admit, under any conditions, of 
giving the shoots plenty of air to green them, 
and give flavour. The sashes may be drawn up 
for a short time in very fine days, so that as 
many of the direct rays may be admitted as 
may be possible without lowering much the 
temperature. Add fresh linings when necessary, 
so as to maintain the proper heat. As bearing 
plants become exhausted, they may be removed 
from pits or frames, and replaced by fresh plants, 
provided sufficient heat can still be kept up by 
linings or otherwise. 
Carrots.—Sow Early Short Horn or Parisian 
Forcing on a slight hot-bed. 
Chicory.—Introduce some previously potted 
plants to the Mushroom-house, or other warm 
place where they can be kept dark by means 
of an inverted pot. 
Cress.-_Sow successionally in moderate heat. 
Egg-plants.—Sow in small pots, and place in'a 
heat of from 65° to 70°. 
Endive can be preserved in good condition 
through the winter by placing it in pits where 
it can have plenty of air, and where severe frost 
can be excluded. Imperial Batavian is an ex- 
cellent kind for winter salads. 
Kidney-Beans.—Sow in pots filled with rich 
soil, and place them in heat till the plants begin 
to grow; they must then be placed in the light, 
and should have a temperature of 60° to 70° at 
night, and 75° or 80° daring the daytime. They 
must be frequently syringed, to keep down red 
spider. 
Lettuce.-—Remove decaying leaves, and give 
air at all times when the state of the weather 
will permit. A dressing of powdered charcoal, 
between the plants, will tend greatly to keep 
the air sweet and prevent rotting. 
Mint.—Plant in pots or boxes, and introduce 
into heat. > 
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