Fluids in plants—movement of, i, 44. 
Fly-catchers—as garden friends, i, 117. 
Foam-flower—descript. and cult., i, 375. 
Feniculum vulgare—descript., uses, and 
cult., 1, 444. 
Food of plants—(see Nutrition). 
Foot-level—(illust.), descript. and use of, 
1, 183, 184. 
Forcing— 
Calendarial directions for fruit or vege- 
table (see Calendar of Operations in 
the Fruit- and Kitchen-gardens. 
Calendarial directions for management of 
plant-houses, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 18, 20. 
Hardy shrubs—treatment and list of shrubs 
suitable, 1, 621-625. 
Herbaceous plants and bulbs—directions 
and kinds suitable, 1, 625-627. 
[For special fruit or vegetable see its name 
—plants, see generic titles. ] 
Foreign names of culinary vege- 
tables—lists of, ii, 527-531. 
Forficula auricularia — descript. 
treatment, 1, 72. 
Forget-me-nots — descript. and cult. of 
perennial species, &c. (illust.), 1, 366, 
367, of Chatham Island forget-me-not, 
1, 366, of marsh plants, 1, 386, of annual 
and 
species, &c., 1, 396. 
Forks — (illust.), deacning and use of, i, 
174. 
Forsythia — pruning (illust.), i, 256, 257; 
species, &c., descript. and cult. nl, GO25 
forcing F. suspensa, i, 622. 
Fothergilla alnifolia—descript. of, i, 302. 
Fountains—for garden decoration, i, 258, 
268, 269. 
Fragaria—species of and the origin of 
strawberries, ii, 238. 
Fraisier Ananas and the origin of straw- 
berries, 11, 238. 
Frames—(see Pits and Frames). 
Francoa — calendarial directions, i, 8; 
species, &c., descript. and cult., 1, 
359: 
Fraxinus—species, &c., descript. and cult., 
1, 402: 
Freesia—calendarial directions, i, 6, 14, 17, 
18; descript. and cult., i, 536, forcing 
directions, 1, 626. 
Fregilus graculus—as garden friend, i 
7 
Fremontia californica— descript. of, i, 
302. 
French bean—(see Kidney bean). 
French bean canker—(illust.), i, 129. 
French names of culinary vege- 
tables—lists of, ii, 527-530. 
Fringe-tree—descript. of, i, 295, forcing 
directions, i, 622. 
Fringilla coelebs—as garden friend, i, 117. 
Fritillaria—species, &c., descript., cult., 
and illust. of, 1, 359, for forcing, i, 626. 
Frogs—as garden friends, i, 119. 
Fruit— 
Arrangement in dishes on dinner-tables, 
&c., 1, 654. 
Calendarial directions (see Calendar of 
Operations in the Fruit- and Kitchen- 
gardens). 
Conveyance by road or rail—railway rates, 
ii, 79, 135; dried fruits, cost of carriage 
as compared with fresh fruit, 11, 357- 
(See also title Packing fruits. ) 
Culture for commercial purposes (see titles 
Fruit plantations, Apples, &c., for Mar- 
ket, Pears for Market). 
Culture in America, Germany, and France 
in comparison with that of Great Bri- 
tain, il, 344, 352, 353. 
Culture under glass—conditions for forcing, 
1, 57; il, 312. (See also title Orchard- 
house; for special fruit, see its name.) 
Formation (illusts.) and descript. of various 
classes of fruit, i, 56-58. 
Improvement of—results of judicious cross- 
fertilization, hybridization, and sys- 
tematic treatment, 1, 58, 59; 11, 47, 48, 
99-102. 
INDEX. 
Fruit (conz.)— 
Insect and other pests—(illust.), descript. 
and treatment, i, 74-79. 
Keeping fruit (see titles Fruit-room, Stor- | 
ing fruit). 
Meaning of term “fruit”, i, 56. 
Packing and packing- house 
Packing fruits). 
Pollination—interpollination of fruits, influ- 
ence of foreign pollen on formation of 
fruit, ii, 49; pomaceous fruits, extract 
from report on, &c., ll, 123, 124. 
Preserving (see title Tiiepiescniae! 
Ripening process—explanation of, 1, 56; il, 
380, 381. 
Seeds—descript. (illusts.) and germination, 
1, 32, 53, 56, 57. 
Storing (see titles Fruit-room, Storing fruit). 
Supplying a regular amount of fruit to an 
establishment—area of ground, &c., re- 
quired, il, 4, 5. 
Surplus and waste fruit—utilization of (see 
Fruit-preserving). 
Fruit- ang Kitchen-garden, formation 
0 — 
(see title 
Consideration of principal points in, ii, 1. 
Drainage (see that title). 
Form of the garden—descript., illusts., and 
merits of various forms, il, 7-9. "(See 
also sub-headings Plans, Walls. ) 
Fruit-tree borders — width, depth, slope, 
&c., li, 25, 26; concrete paving for 
bottom of (illust. ), 1, 26, 27; soil suit- 
able and materials for ‘improvement, 
ll, 27-209. 
Level of the ground—determination of (see 
title Levelling). 
Orchards (see that title). 
Plans (illusts.)—large garden, i, 4, small 
garden, il, 5, garden at Welbeck, li, 4; 
site for garden in relation to mansion, 
ii, 2; site for garden in flat or exposed 
situation, and position of shelter trees, 
ii, 11; site showing drainage scheme, 
ii, 21; methods of dealing with slopes, 
ii, 18. 
Preparation of the ground—methods of 
trenching, &c., ii, 29, 30. 
Shelter—artificial means, effect and use of 
walls and trees (illust.), i1, 10, 11. 
Site—choice of, position in relation to house, 
hy ty BE sheltered site, il, 9. (See also 
sub- heading Plans. ) 
Size—space for various structures, area re- 
quired to supply given quantity of pro- 
duce, walled-in areas, &c., il, 4, 5. 
Soil suitable for—choice, depth, and im- 
provement of, 11, 2-4, 27-29. 
Walks—construction, cost of cement walks, 
&c., edgings suitable, ii, 30-32. 
Walls — aspect consideration, action of 
sun’s rays, ll, 5, 6, 8; merits and dia- 
grams of southern and other positions, 
u1, 6-8; length of wall needed to enclose 
given areas and expenses incurred, il, 
8, g; shelter uses of, ii, 10, 11. 
Fruit- and Kitchen-gardens—calendar 
of operations (see Calendar of Opera- 
tions in the Fruit- and Kitchen-gar- 
dens). 
Fruit juices—imitation fruit essences, use 
of, il, 102; commercial value of, and 
use in production of non - alcoholic 
drinks, ii, 358, 364. 
Fruit plantations for commercial 
purposes— 
Uses of hardy fruits—consideration of ways 
available for marketing fruits, modes 
of preserving, &c., ii, 358. 
[See also titles Apples, &c., for Market, 
Pears for Market. ] 
Fruit-preserving— 
Advantages of an extension of knowledge 
in methods of fruit-preservation, il, 344. 
Development of trade—British and foreign 
industries compared, trade in U.S.A., 
sue ges ons. io extension of home 
trade, &c., 344, 345, 352. 
Hardy, stone, ae small fruits—special 
uses, vars., and modes for preserving, 
ii, 358-364. 
| Fruit-preserving (cout. )— 
Methods and appliances—summary aud 
classification of principal methods, ii, 
345; 346, miscellaneous methods, ii, 
35%, 364. (For particular method, see 
titles Jam-making, Canning, Bottling, 
&c.; for special fruit, see its name., 
Packing and storing preserved fruit, 
348, 356 
Fruit-protectors—(illust.,, use of, i, 125. 
Fruit-room— ok : 
Atmosphere, ventilation, and moisture-- 
regulation directions, descript. of Law- 
ton process of sterilizing the air, 1, 210; 
ll, 384, 335. 
Construction—(illusts.), general forms and 
directions, i, 212; Bunyard’s fruit-room, 
i, 213, 214; fruit-room at Foxbury, i', 
il, 
77-79; details as to divisions, trays, 
light, &c., ii, 69, 70, 212, 214, 382, 
383, 385. 
Floor and path materials, ii, 385. 
Keeping the fruit (see title Storing). 
Rats, mice, and thieves—protection against, 
1, 214; li, 383. 
Temperature regulations, 
in cold storage, i, 388. 
Wine-cellar used as fruit-room—descript 
of, i, 212, 213. 
Fruit-trees— 
Calendarial directions (see Calendar of 
Operations in the Fruit- and Kitchen- 
Gardens). 
Culture of fruit (see titles Fruit, Orchard- 
house; special fruit, see its name). 
Formation of fruit-garden ‘see title Fruit- 
and Kitchen-Garden). 
Fruitfulness—modes of promoting, 1, 247, 
257, 258; Cause and treatment of steril- 
ity, i, 257; ii, 39, 49, 68, 123, 124. 
Hybridization—rearing trees from seed, 
isolation system, i, 63. 
Orchard plantation and management (see 
Orchards). 
Pruning and training—root-pruning and 
ringing, i, 257, 258. (Special tree, see 
name of fruit.) 
Retarding process applied to trees in pots 
or otherwise, 1, 628. 
Spraying fruit-trees (see that title). 
Treatment of trees on arrival after convey- 
ance by rail, &c., 11, 58. 
Fuchsia—calendarial directions, i, 4, 8, 10, 
i, 210; ll, 384, 
II, 12, 14, 17; species, &c., descript. 
and cult., 1, 302; popular forms— 
(illusts.), descript, origin, and cult., 1, 
442-444, list of best vars., 1, 444; exhibi- 
tion plants and fuchsias in " greenhouse, 
treatment of, i, 443, 444; insect pests, 
rh vvieys summer-bedding forms—culkt. 
and illust., 1, 632, 634. 
Fumigators— illust. descript. and use of, 
1, 189. 
Fungi, Plant Diseases caused by— 
Anbury or finger-and-toe (see Anbury 
disease). 
Anemone disease (illust.}, i, 127. 
Apple-tree canker (illust.), i, 125. 
Cherry-leaf disease in Kent and elsewhere, 
li, 210. 
‘‘ Damping off” of seedlings, i, 128. 
French bean canker (illust.), 1, 129. 
Fungicides, descript. and application of, i, 
I2Q-131; ll, 43, 44. 
General observations on, i, 123. 
Gymnosporangium—formation 
branch, &c. (illust.), 1, 127. 
Increase of fungoid pests during warm wet 
weather, 1, 65. 
Kind of food required by fungi, i, 123. 
Literature on, i, 131. 
Mildew (see that title). 
Mould or sclerotinia (illust.), i, 126, 127. 
Peony drooping disease (illust.), 1, 130. 
Peach leaf curl, i, 120. 
Pear-leaf fungus (illust.), i, 127. 
Potato disease (see that title). 
Preventing a repetition of a disease, 1, 125- 
129. 
on juniper 
