594 
Palms (cot. )— 
List of species suitable for conservatory— 
descript., cult., and illusts., i, 609-613. 
Subtropical garden—palms aa position of 
plants suitable for, i, 641, 642. 
Vascular bundles in—arrangement of, 1, 37. 
Pampas grasses—descript. and illust., i, 
385, 380. 
Panax—species, &c., descript. and cult., i, 
553: 
Pandanus—calendarial directions, i, 2, 6, 7, 
12; descript. and cult., i, 553. 
Panicum—calendarial directions, ih 2 Ge 
descript. of plants, 1, 553. 
Pansy—(see Viola). 
Papaver—descript. and cult. of perennial 
species, &c., i, 368, of annual plants, 
i, 397: 
Paper—use and prices of plain, tissue, and 
ornamental paper for packing fruit, 
&c., li, 374, 375, 384. 
Parasites—descript. of, i, 29, of parasitic 
fungi, 1, 223. 
Paris green—as an insecticide, ii, 43. 
Parks—trees and shrubs suitable for, i, 327, 
339; 34°: 
Parnassia—species, &c., descript., cult., 
and illust. of, i, 369, 386. 
Parrot flower—descript. and cult., i. 297, 
533- 
Parrotia Jacquemontiana, P. persica | 
—descript. of, i, 311. 
Parsley — drying process, ii, 356; fool’s- 
parsley (illust.), descript. of, ii, 477; | 
true and Hamburg parsley (illusts. , 
descript. and cult., 11, 477, 478; foreign 
names of, 11, 528; calendarial directions, 
Il, 532, 535» 538, 541, 543, 548, 552, 558. 
Parsley fern—descript. and cult., i, 60s. 
Parsnip fork—(illust.), use of, ii, 478. 
Parsnips—crops parsnips may follow and 
be succeeded by, 1i, 390; seed quan- 
tities, 11, 301; descript., uses, cult., 
insects, &e., and list (illust.) of vars. 
li, 478, 479; foreign names of, ii, 528: 
calendarial directions, il, 536, 541, 543, 
546; packing, il, 566. 
Partridge—as garden friend, i, 118. 
Parus ce#ruleus, P. major, P. ater, P. 
palustris, P. caudatus—as garden 
friends, 1, 118. 
Passiflora—calendarial directions, i, 11, 15; 
fertilization of, 1, 55; descript. and cult. 
of hardy species, &c., i, 311, of green- 
house plants, i, 539, of stove plants 
(illusts); 1, 553, 554: 
Passion-flowers— (see Passiflora). 
Pastinaca sativa — descript., 
cult., 11, 478. 
Pasture land — amounts of nitrogen and 
organic matter in, 1, 150. 
Patersonia—species,&c. , descript.and cult., 
uses, and 
1, 539. 
Paulownia imperialis — descript. and 
Cult isrr 
Pavetta borbonica—descript. and cult., i, 
554- 
Pea (flowers)—hardy perennial species, &c., 
descript., cult., and illusts., i, 363; hardy 
annuals—calendarial directions, 1, 3,5; 
7, 12, descript., illust., and cult. of, 1, 
393, for summer-bedding, i, 635 
Pea (vegetables)— 
Calendarial directions, ii, 532, 536, 538, 541, 
543, 546, 548, 550, 552, 558; for forcing, 
ll, 534, 537, 539- 
Crops peas may follow and be succeeded 
by, ii, 390. 
Cross-fertilization—experiments and direc- 
tions, li, 479, 480. 
First early peas—cult. of main crop in open 
quarters and of peas for market, ii, 481, 
482; earliest crops—modes of cult. in 
open border, sowing in pots, boxes, &c., 
and French method, in, 482-484; pro- 
tection from frost, ii, 484. 
Foreign names of, ii, 528. 
Garden pea (illusts.) and field pea—de- 
script., distinction between, origin of 
name Pisumz, and history of cult. , 11,479. 
Pea (vegetables) (cozz.)— 
Insects, &c.—list of, m, 485. 
Lists (illusts.) of vars. for early, main, and 
late crops, 1, 485-487; a selection of 
leading vars. for gardens and market, 
ll, 487. 
Main crop and late peas—cultural direc- 
tions and sorts suitable, 11, 484, 485. 
Packing, 11, 566. 
Planting—distances for rows, &c., i, 481; 
filling up blank spaces, 1, 484. 
Preserving—drying process, 11, 356. 
Protection from mice, birds, &c., ii, 483, 484. 
Saving seeds—directions, 11, 485. 
Seed quantities required for cropping, ii, 
391, 482. 
Soil, manure, and artificial manures, ii, 480, 
481. 
Pea moth—descript. and treatment, i, 77. 
Pea weevils —(illust.), descript. and treat- 
ment, 1, 87, 88. 
Peach and Nectarine— 
Calendarial directions—outdoor, ii, 533, 
536, 542, 544, 546, 548, 550, 552, 554, 
556, 558; for forcing, 1, 535, 537, 539, 
542, 545, 549, 551, 553, 554, 557, 559- 
Culture in open-air—wall trees, &c.— 
Fruit production, &c.—growth of flower 
and leaf-buds (illust.), il, 169-171, 173; 
methods of thinning, gathering, ripen- 
ing, and storing the fruit, ii, 176, 177, 
179. 
General treatment, condition of roots, re- 
storation of sickly trees, &c., ii, 177. 
I}lusts.—various vars., ii, 167, 169, 170, 
176; peach-tree on wall, shoots nailed 
and unnailed to expose fruit, ii, 178. 
(See also sub-heading Pruning and 
training. ) 
Planting trees—time and methods, ii, 169." 
Pruning and training—shoots, growth of 
flower and leaf buds (illust.), ii, 169- 
171, 173; bearing shoots and successors 
(illust.), 11, 173, 174,176; summer and 
winter pruning, ll, 171, 173, 176; time 
and method (illust.) of training, il, 
171-173; stopping and disbudding pro- 
cesses (illusts.), 11, 174, 175 
Soil and situation—wall aspect, ii, 6, 7; 
position and soil suitable, preparation 
of borders, &c., ii, 27, 167-169. 
Culture under glass— 
Adaptability of fruit for and conditions 
necessary to, 11, 180. 
Choice of trees and methods of planting, 
training, pruning sy ate: &c., 11, 
180, 182, 183, 184.1 
~» Construction (illusts. ) a management 
of house, border preparation, 1, 207; 
il, 180-182; fire-heat, air, temperature, 
ii, 183; cleaning the house, ll, 184; 
orchard- house, ll, 274. 
Gathering and ripening the fruit, ii, 184, 
185, 277. 
Orchard-house—construction of, ii, 274; 
potting plants, il, 275, 270; ripening 
fruit, 11, 277; illust. of plant, il, 277; 
list of vars. suitable, ii, 278. 
Peach-case and_nectarine tree at Frog- 
more (illust.), ii, 181. 
Resting period—treatment during, ii, 185. 
Soil and manure suitable, and improve- 
ment of soil, ii, 180, 185, water-supply, 
ii, 185. 
Trellis in peach-house (illust.), ii, 167. 
[See also sub-heading Pot culture.] 
Diseases and insect pests—use of syringe 
and washes, &c., il, 177, 183, 184, 185, 
186; cause and treatment of various 
diseases, 1, 129, ll, 179, 189; list of 
insects, &c., ii, 189. ; 
Garden races—origin of, area and history 
of cultivation, &c., ii, 166. 
Hardy ornamental trees—descript.of, 1, 311. 
Lists of vars. (illust.), explanation of ar- 
rangement and classification of fruit, 
il, 189, 192; peach and nectarine vars. 
and fruit for special purposes, ii, 190- 
194; orchard-house vars., ii, 278. 
THE GARDENER’S ASSISTANT. 
Peach and Nectarine (cozz).— 
Manure, effect of—results ot experiments, 
1, 17%- 
Packing—methods and materials for, u, 
187, 374, 376, 377; boxes and baskets, 
i, 368, 371, 372. 
Pot culture—forms and vars. of trees suit: 
able, ii, 185, 194, illusts. of trees, ii. 
185, 186, 187; training, disbudding, 
stopping, repotting, 11, 185, 186; flower- 
ing period treatment, manure, winter- 
ing the plants, ii, 186; water supply, 
use of perforated pots (illust.} sj) Hi, 187. 
Preserve -Oxeue of trade in U.S.A., &c., 
» 344; drying process, il, 3555, 350; 
cane process, ll, 357; modes and 
vars. suitable, ii, 362. 
Propagation — method of raising . plants 
from stones, use of various stocks, 
mode of grafting, &c., 1, 188, 189. 
Peach aphis—descript.and treatment, i, 88. 
Peach-leaf curl disease — development 
and treatment, 1, 129. 
Peach scale—descript. and treatment, i, 69. 
Pear-leaf blister moth —(illust.), de- 
script. and treatment, i, 88. 
Pear-leaf mite —(illust.), descript. and 
treatment, i, 88, 89. 
Pear oyster scale—(illust.), descript. and 
treatment, 1, 69. 
Pear sawfly—(illust.), descript. and treat- 
ment, 1, 94. 
Pear-sucker—(illust.), descript. and treat- 
ment, 1, 69, 70. 
Pears and Pear-trees— 
Calendarial directions, ii, 533, 539, 542, 
546, 548, 550, 552, 554, 550. 
Commercial plantations (see title Pears for 
Market). 
Disease and_ insect pests—leaf fungus 
(illust.), 1, 127; scab disease, ii, 443 
canker, ii, 128; list of insects, &e., il, 
129; orchard-house treatment, 11, 278. 
Fertility and sterility—causes and reme- 
dies for imperfect fertilization, 1, 123, 
124. 
Flavour of pears—characteristics of various 
vars., attention to quality of flavour, 
&c., li, 102. 
Forms of trees—various uses of stocks 
(illusts.), 11, 106-108; standards, bush, 
pyramid (illusts.), and espaliers, 11, 108, 
109; Palmette Verrier (illust.), ii, 110, 
cordons (illust.), ii, rro-112; planting 
directions, ii, 112. (See also sub- 
heading Pruning and training.) 
Gathering and ripening pears, ii, 126, 132, 
134, 277: 
General culture — essentials for, 11, 103; 
Sage and situation, wall aspect, &c., 
6, 8, 104; routine work directions, 
ri 124-126, winter routine, ii, 127. 
Grading and packing—French and Cali- 
fornian systems, li, 131, 132; import- 
ance of grading and methods (illust.) 
of packing, ii, 132, 134, 379; boxes for, 
il, 135, 308-371, baskets, crates, and 
barrels for, i; 372; 4737 materials for 
packing, i li, 374. 
History, origin, and evolution of the pear, 
il, 97-99; French industry, ii, 98. 
Illusts.—trees in royal gardens, Windsor, 
ni, 68; wild pear, ii, 96; various vars., 
ii, 97-101; arcade of pears, il, 103; 
stocks, various forms of trees, 11, 106- 
108. (See also sub- -headings Forms, 
Lists, Pruning.) 
Improvement of pears—systematic methods, 
results, &c., 11, g9-102. 
Lists—explanation of arrangement, ii, 135; 
descript. and illusts. of select vars., il, 
136-147; synonyms reference list, ii, 
147, 148; selections for special pur- 
poses and situations, il, 148-1 50. 
Merits of the pear for cultivation, i ii, 96. 
Orchard - house culture — construction of 
house, ii, 274; planting, &c., ti, 275, 
276; ripening fruit, il, 277; insect pests, 
ii, 278; list of pears suitable, il, 278; 
illusts. of trees, ii, 275, 276. 
Orchard plantations — plans (illusts.), it 
34-37; influence of “; land, ii, 38. 
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