606 
Vines—Culture for Fruit (cost )— 
Culture under glass (coxt).— 
Planting—time and methods (illust.), ii, 
281; young green vines, li, 282; dis- 
tances to plant, ii, 282; treatment after 
planting, 1, 284. 
Pot culture (see sub-heading Culture in 
pots). 
Pruning and training — methods and 
merits of long-rod, extension, spur 
(illust.) systems, 11, 285, 286; disbud- 
ding, stopping the shoots, il, 286, stop- 
ping young growing vines, ll, ae 
Setting the flowers —“‘ free-setters” and 
“shy” setters (illust.) and artificial 
means of setting, li, 286, 287; cause 
and treatment of sterility, i li, 287. 
Stimulants—use of liquid and artificial 
manure, directions for making a stimu- 
lant, 1, 234. 
Temperature and ventilation, ii, 283. 
Thinning the fruit (illust.), 11, 287, 288. 
Watering and syringing, ii, 283. 
Descript. and origin of Vitis vinifera, 
history of vine-culture and descript. 
of various old and large existing vines, 
li, 279, 280. 
Diseases—cause and treatment of shanking, 
rust, and scalded grapes (illust.}, 11, 
290, 291; vine mildew (see that title). 
Insect, &c., pests—descript. and treatment 
of vine ’scale, vine louse, i, 70, 109, TIO; 
list of insect pests, ll, 291. 
List of vars.—descript., cult., and illusts., 
li, 296-301; selections for special pur- 
poses, il, 301. 
Manure—composition of special manure, i, 
169; chemical ingredients required by 
fruit, leaves, and stem-—table showi ing, 
is 169; value of potash as manure, 1, 
140, 168, 169. (See also sub- headings 
Culture. ) 
Movement of liquids in plants—explanation 
of ‘‘ vine-bleeding”’, 1, 44. 
Packing and storing the grapes 
Grapes). 
Propagation by seeds, cutting, eyes (illust. ), 
li, 294, by layering, grafting (illust.), 
and inarching (illust.), 11, 295, 296. 
Soil suitable—importance of potash in, i, 
140; analysis of soil from Spain, com- 
position of soil suitable for vines—tables 
showing constituents, i, 140,141. (See 
also sub-headings Culture. ) 
Vines —greenhouse evergreen vines, descript. 
and cult., 1, 544. 
Vines—hardy ornamental species, &c., de- 
script. of genus Vitis, 1, 325, 326. 
Viola—calendarial directions, i, 6, 8, 13, 14, 
16, 17, 20; species, &c., descript. and 
cult. » 1, 377;, plants for spring- and 
summer-bedding, i, 631, 632; popular 
garden plants (see titles Viola tricolor, 
Violets). 
Viola tricolor —descript., history, cult., 
and list of sorts of show and fancy 
pansies (illust.), 1, 520, 521, of bedding 
viola or tufted pansy (illust.), i, s52r, 
522. 
Violet ground beetle — (illust.), as a 
garden friend, i, 115, 116. 
Violets—calendarial directions, i, 3, 5, 6, 9, 
14, 16, 17, 18, 20; descript. and cult. 
of hardy perennial viola species, &c., 
1, 377, of water violets, 1, 381, of spring- 
bedding sorts, 1, 631; popular plants 
(see Violets—Viola odor: ata). 
Violets (Viola odorata)— general cult., 
and in frames and pots; list of vars. and 
treatment of insect pests and fungoid 
disease, i, 522, 523. 
Virginian creeper—descript. and uses of, 
(see 
i, 288. 
Virginian stock—cult. and descript., i, 
14, 394+ 
Viscum album—descript. and cult. of, i, 
325: 
Vitex he and cult. 
of, 1, 325 
Vitis—descript. and cult. of hardy orna- 
mental species, &c. (illust.), i, 325, 
326, of greenhouse plants, 1, 544, of V. 
THE GARDENER’S ASSISTANT. 
vinifera and the origin and history of |) Water and Water- aunty for Plants (cont.)— 
vine culture, il, 279. (See also titles 
Ampelopsis, Vines.) 
Voles—descript. and treatment, i, 104. 
W 
Wagtails—as garden friends, i, 118. 
Wahlenbergia—species, &c., descript. and 
cults. ame 77. 
Waldsteinia fragarioides—descript. and 
cult., 15377- 
Walking fern—descript. and illust., i, 607, 
608. 
Walks, Formation of, &c.— 
Flower-gardens, 1, 258, 260, 263, 267. 
Fruit- and kitchen-garden—materials used, 
cost of cement walks, &c., i, 30-32. 
Pleasure-grounds—(illust.}, 1, 269, 271, 272. 
Water-garden—drainage, &c., of walks in 
vicinity of, i, 282. 
Wallflower—calendarial directions, i, rz, 13, 
17; descript. and cult. of, i, 353, for 
spring-bedding, i, 631. 
Wallichia—species ae descript., cult., and 
illust., i, 612. 
Walls— 
Construction of garden walls (illusts. )— 
Colour, height, foundation, &c., i, 196- 
198. 
Copings for walls, i, 198, 199. 
Fruit- and kitchen-gardens (see that title). 
Hollow walls and flued walls, 1, 198, 190. 
Fern-growing on walls of stove or green- 
house—directions, i, 58s. 
Old walls—plants suitable for coverin 
1, 342, 353- 
Walnut— 
Cultivation — soil and situation, il, 257; 
methods of planting, pruning, and pro- 
pagation, li, 258, 259; calendarial direc- 
tions, ll, 533, 536, 554- 
Descript. (illust.) and history of the walnut, 
uses of wood and oil, and extent of 
import trade, il, 257, 258. 
Gathering, storing, and packing the nut— 
method of thrashing the tree, &c., Ii, 
258. 
Insect pests—treatment of, ii, 259. 
List of principal vars.—descript. and illusts., 
il, 259. 
Pickling—use of fruit, ii, 257; time to gather 
nuts for, li, 258. 
Walnut trees—hardy ornamental species, 
&c., descript. of, i, 306; culture of fruit 
(see Walnut). 
Warblers—as garden friends, i, 118. 
Wardian cases—ferns suitable for, i, 585. 
Washingtonia filifera—descript. and cult. 
of, 1, 613. 
Wasps—damage to fruit, remedies, i, 78; 
fig wasp, ~ descript. and illust., ii, 213, 
214. 
Water and Water-supply for Plants— 
Ferns—stove and greenhouse, i, 583. 
Flower-garden supply — provision for, i, 
201. 
g, &c., 
Greenhouse and conservatory plants. i, 524, 
583. 
Hot water—mode of heating structures by, 
i, 216, 221. 
Market-garden plantations —expenses and 
arrangements, u, 78. 
Nutrition of plants—soil as a source of, 1, 
41-43, 148, 149; absorption of water by 
root and leaf, 1, 44; movement of liquid, | 
1, 44. 
Orchids, i, 560, 565, 566. 
Ornamental water in pleasure-grounds (see 
that title 
Plants suitable for planting in or near water | 
(see Water-garden). 
Production of flowers—quantity needed, 
i, 49. 
Soil and water—nutrition and oxidation, 
i, 134, 135; capillary power of soils, 
i, 285, 290: 
Stove or tropical plants, i, 546, 583. 
Stream used for various purposes (see 
Stream). 
Succulent plants, cacti, &c., i, 615, 616. 
Watering instrument, utensils, &c. (see that 
title). 
[For treatment of special fruit, see its title; 
plants, see generic titles. ] 
Water buttercups—descript. and uses of, 
1, 383, 385. 
Water caltrops—descript. of, i, 384. 
Water cress—packing, ii, 568; cult. (see 
Cress). 
Water-cress fly—cocoons of on water- 
cress, treatment of, 11, 441. 
Water-garden— 
Formation and arrangement—use of cement 
tanks, drainage system (illust.), &c., 
1, 378-380, li, 21. 
Hardy trees, shrubs, &c., suitable for 
planting on banks, i, 281, 282, 283, 378. 
Illusts. of pons: bog garden, &c., i, 379, 
380, 385. 
[See also titles Aquatic and Bog Plants, 
Ornamental Water. ] 
Water hyacinth — descript., 
illust. of, i, 383, 384. 
Water lettuce—descript. and cult. of, i, 
383. 
Water-lilies—cultural requirements, i, 378- 
380; species, &c., descript., cult., and © 
illusts., 1, 382, 383. 
Water-pores of leaves —descript. 
uses of, i, 41. 
Water shield—descript. of plant, i, 38r. 
Water soldier—descript. of plant, i, 384. 
Water-tanks—position, construction, &c., 
of, i, 378, 544. 
Water violet—descript. of, i, 381. 
Watering Instruments, Utensils, &c.— 
Engines, hand and _ barrow (illust.)—de- 
script. and management'of, i, 186, 187. 
Hose-pipes and sprinklers (illust.), descript. 
of, 1, 185, 1 
Sprayers for distribution of insecticides— 
illust. and use of, i, 188. 
Spraying fruit-trees (see that title). 
Syringes—(illust.), descript. and use of, i, 
190. 
Vaporizer, hand— 
of, i, 188 
Water-barrows—(illust.), descript. and use 
of, 1, 187. 
Watering-cans—(illust.), descript. and uses 
of, i, 193. 
Wax-myrtle—descript. of, i, 310. 
Wayfaring-tree—descript. of, i, 325. 
Weasel—as garden friend, i, 122. 
Weeder, dock—descript. and use of, i, 177. 
Weevils—as plant enemies, descript. and 
treatment, 1, 71, 77, 80, 83, 87, 89, 101, 
10g, II4. 
Weigela—(see Diervilla). 
Weighing-machines for fruit — descript. 
of, 1, 368 
Wheat crops—effect of mineral and nitro- 
genous manure, i, 144, 145. 
Wheat-rust or mildew—formation of, i, 
128. 
Whin bushes—descript. and cult. of, i, 
324. 
Whip -stick fern of Australia — de- 
script. of, 1, 588 
White-beam tree—descript. of, i, 314. 
White Portugal broom—descript. of, i, 
208. 
Wigandia caracasana (illust.) and W. 
Vigieri— for subtropical garden, i, 
646. 
Wild Garden— 
Art of wild gardening and meaning of term 
*‘wild garden”, 1, 347. 
Formation of, i, 284. 
Hardy trees, shrubs, and plants for—selec- 
tion and arrangement, i, 284, 348. 
cult., and 
and 
(illust.), descript. and use 
