FOEMATION OF THE FRUIT AND KITCHEN GARDEN. 



well. Next, therefore, to the southern aspect, 

 one that will be as little as possible inferior to 

 it demands attention. 



Where the southern wall faces the sun at 

 eleven a.m., the western aspect, if at right 

 angles to it, will have the sun, as already ob- 

 served, from eleven in the forenoon, and would 

 then be inclined to the south of west as much 

 as will ensure the ripening of the fruits required 

 to be produced against that wall. Where the 

 wall on the north side runs from east to west, 

 and of course faces directly south, the walls 

 joining it will run north and south, but then 

 the west aspect will have an hour less sun than 

 in the preceding case, and consequently some 

 things that would require that hour of addi- 

 tional sun could not be properly grown against 

 it, and they would need to be planted against 

 the south wall, which, therefore, would have to 

 be extended to afford space for them. 



Where the southern aspect must face the sun 

 at one p.m., and the walls joining it proceed 

 at right angles from it, their western aspects 

 will be shaded till one p.m., and rendered so 

 much inferior as to be unfit for the ripening of 

 such fruits as require an aspect little inferior 

 to that of a south wall. This can only be ob- 

 viated by giving the walls on the eastern and 

 western sides such a direction as to present 

 western aspects that will receive the sun's rays 

 as early as eleven a.m., although, by so doing, 

 these walls will not join the others at right 

 angles. The garden will then assume the form 

 of a rhombus (fig. 791), or that of a rhomboid 

 (fig. 792). These shapes are somewhat incon- 

 venient for economically working the ground, 

 and in dividing it into sections for the various 

 crops; but the latter will grow equally well, 

 whilst a considerable advantage is secured in 

 regard to the ripening of fruits. The opposite 

 sides of these figures being parallel, all the 

 borders, beds, and quarters in the garden can 

 also have parallel sides ; and this being the case, 

 although their ends do not square off, yet they 

 are more easily worked than if the ground were 

 wider at one end than the other, which must be 

 the case where the opposite walls are not parallel. 



From the foregoing statements it appears 

 that the walls of a fruit and kitchen garden 

 should have the following directions, according 

 to the climate of the locality: — 



1. In the warmer parts of Britain, the walls 

 on the north and south sides should face the 

 sun at eleven a.m., and the walls on the east 

 and west should run parallel to each other, and 

 at right angles with the north and south walls. 



2. Where the climate is not quite so good the 

 north and south walls may face direct south, 

 with the east and west walls at right angles, 

 and consequently running in the direction of 

 the meridian. If the south aspect of the walls, 

 however, is of limited extent, the east and west 

 walls may with great advantage run in the 

 direction of the sun at eleven a.m., as in 

 fig. 791. 



3. In places where the hottest aspect is neces- 

 sary to ripen Peaches and Nectarines, the wall 

 on the northern side may be made to face 



w' 



s 



Fig. 791. 



S 

 Fig. 792. 

 Position of Kitchen-Garden Walls. 



the sun at one p.m.; and the walls on the 

 eastern and western sides should then run in 

 the direction of a point in the horizon above 

 which the sun is perpendicular at eleven a.m., 

 as in fig. 792. 



Where the Peach succeeds well on open 

 walls, their position may be as in No. 1 instance. 

 Where rather colder, the aspects pointed out in 

 No. 2 may be adopted; and in the northern 

 parts of Britain, the direction of the walls as 

 described in No. 3 would be most proper. 

 Where the situation is too cold or northerly 

 for the cultivation of Peaches and Nectarines 

 on open walls, the southern aspect should be 



