278 



THE GAEDENER'S ASSISTANT. 



fork 3 or 4 inches of the old soil from the 

 surface, to be replaced with fresh compost. 



The insect pests to which Orchard House trees 

 are liable are not numerous, but unless kept 

 under they do much mischief. Black and 

 green aphides may be kept under by two or 

 three syringings of soap-suds free from soda, 

 followed by one with pure water; fumigating 

 with tobacco smoke is most effective, but should 

 not be done while the trees are in bloom. Red 

 spider is the result of inattention to moisture. 

 If taken in time it can easily be eradicated by 

 a few vigorous syringings with clean water. 

 After the fruit has been gathered, a little 

 sulphur may be mixed with the water. Cater- 

 pillars and grubs may be detected by the curl- 

 ing of the leaves or flower-petals; hand-picking 

 is perhaps the best remedy. A close watch 

 must also be kept for the moths, which should 

 be destroyed whenever seen. American blight 

 on Apple-trees is another pest that must be 

 looked after; its patches of cotton-wool, like 

 clusters of aphis, are easily discerned. If these 

 are carefully touched with a small brush slightly 

 dipped in fish-oil their destruction is certain, 

 but it is dangerous to oil the trees all over. 

 Gishurst's compound, mixed at the rate of one 

 pound to the gallon of soft water and applied 

 repeatedly, using a stiff' painter's brush for the 

 operation, will be found both efficacious and safe. 



The Pear-tree kermes and the Pear-tree 

 oyster -scale require strong remedies to exter- 

 minate them. "Boil four ounces of Quassia 

 chips in a gallon of soft water until the bitter 

 principle has been extracted, the time required 

 being from 25 to 30 minutes; in this mixture 

 dissolve at the time of application four ounces 

 of soft-soap to the gallon and apply hot if 

 possible (up to 150 D will not harm the trees); 

 but if it is inconvenient to use hot water, cold 

 will answer the purpose. If trees have been 

 severely attacked, thej T should be washed during 

 winter with above mixture " (T. Francis Rivers). 



The following Apples, Cherries, Nectarines, 

 Peaches, Pears, and Plums may be successfully 

 grown in the Orchard House. Some of the 

 Apples and Pears named might be considered 

 too large for dessert. If this is so in the case 

 of the former, they are always welcome in the 

 kitchen, where large fruit are often in demand 

 for dumplings, &c. It is not generally known 

 that many of the so-called culinary Apples make 

 splendid dessert fruit when grown under glass. 

 In most establishments large Pears are wanted 

 for stewing; any of the varieties named will 

 serve for this purpose. 



When it is desired to have several trees of 

 one variety, those marked with an asterisk can 

 be recommended; these also are suitable where 

 only a few trees can be grown. The names are 

 arranged in the order of ripening. 



Apples. 



*Lady Sudeley. 



Allington Pippin. 



*Washington. 



Bijou. 



James Greive. 



Reinette du Canada. 



Worcester Pearmain. 



*Ribston Pippin. 



*King of the Pippins. 



Beauty of Kent. 



Cox's'Pomona. 



*Cox's Orange Pippin. 



King of Tomkin's County. 



Melon Apple. 



*Gascoyne's Scarlet. 



* Scarlet Nonpareil. 



*Peasgood's Nonsuch. 



* Bismarck. 



* American Mother. 



*MTndoe's Russet. 



*Braddick's Nonpareil. 



Calville Blanche d'Hiver. 



Adam's Pearmain. 



Rosemary Russet. 



Cherries. 



*Early Rivers. 



Guigne d'Annonay. 



*Black Tartarian. 



'Bigarreau Napoleon. 



Emperor Francis. 



Late Duke. 



Bigarreau de Schreken. 



Noble. 



Nectarines. 



*Early Rivers. 



Lord Napier. 



* Stan wick Elruge. 



Humboldt. 



*Pine Apple. 



Spenser. 



Peaches. 



*Alexander. 



Hale's Early. 



Early Alfred. 



Stirling Castle. 



*Royal George. 



*Grosse Mignonne. 



*Noblesse. 



*Violette Hative. 



Dymond. 



Princess of Wales. 



Bellegarde. 



*Golden Eagle. 



Pe. 



VPS. 



*Clapp's Favourite. 



Van Mons (Leon le Clerc) 



*Souvenir du Congres. 



*Doyenue du Cornice. 



Triomphe de Vienne. 



*Princess. 



Conference. 



*Winter Nelis. 



*Pitmaston Duchesse. 



* Josephine de Malines. 



Glou Morceau. 



*Bergamotte d'Esperen. 



Durondeau. 



*Beurre Ranee. 



! Beurre Diel. 



Ne Plus Meuris. 



Beurre Superfin. 



Zoe. 



Marguerite Marillat. 



*Nouvelle Fulvie. 



*Louise Bonne of Jersey. 



Olivier des Sevres. 



* Marie Louise. 



President Barabe. 



Plt 



JMS. 



*The Czar. 



July Green Gage. 



*Early Transparent Gage. 



Oullin's Golden Gage, 



Green Gage. 



*M'Laughlin's Gage. 



^Jefferson's. 



*Kirk's. 



Reine Claude du Comte 



*Decaisne. 



Hathem. 



Reine Claude de Bevey. 



Prince Englebert. 



Magnum Bonum. 



^Transparent Gage. 



*Late Transparent Gage. 



Monarch. 



Grand Duke. 



*Coe's Golden Drop. 



President. 



Golden Transparent. 





[j. M'l.] 



