10 T. P. ANDERSON STUART. 



and as the high temperature is inevitable, it was said that 

 certain areas of the earth's surface were fit for the habita- 

 tion and work of only certain races of men, and that these 

 parts were not the white man's land. In 1850 Dr. Robert 

 Knox declared that the English race transplanted to 

 America and Australia would deteriorate and die out. Are 

 we prepared to admit the truth of the prophecy? What 

 in fact we need to know is how to live in the strange land. 

 Our Indian Empire remains as hot as it ever was, yet before 

 1859 the mortality among the European tooops was 69 per 

 1000, now it is 12 or less. It used to be an article of faith 

 in India that the children of white parents could not be 

 reared in India ; what expense and misery this entailed 

 upon parents and children many an aching heart has told. 

 Now it is asserted that such children can be reared as well 

 as in England. Man certainly was an inhabitant first of 

 some one region of the earth's surface, whence lie must 

 have migrated and become everywhere acclimatised, and 

 consideration of the facts show that the races of animals 

 and men are not limited by isothermal lines, but by geo- 

 graphical features, /.<?., there is no general arctic, temper- 

 ate and tropical types of man, but European, Arctic, 

 African, American, Australian, etc. And so when man 

 migrates to tropical places he must of necessity adopt new 

 habits to suit his new environment, and he must combat 

 any natural enemies lie finds in possession. By natural 

 enemies, I do not mean such as lions and tigers. I mean 

 rather the microscopic organisms that produce such para- 

 sitic diseases as malaria, and the study of these parasites 

 and the diseases they produce is realJy more important 

 than that of mere temperature. This was recognised by 

 Mr. Chamberlain when Colonial Secretary, and it is to 

 his initiative that the Schools of Tropical Medicine in 

 Liverpool and London have been established. 



