74 LAWRENCE HARGRAVE. 
then only get one side for berthing, whereas at Port 
Sydney’’ you have most of.the required depth already and 
both sides of the quays available. 
NotTe.—Mr. Halligan pointed out that the Western 
Channel was all continuous rock from George’s Head to 
Sow and Pigs, and there would be trouble in getting the 
40 feet soundings shown on the section. The best way is 
to tackle the job from below, as was done at Hell’s Gate, 
and need not be again described here. 
THE INTERNATIONAL RULES OF BOTANICAL 
NOMENCLATURE. 
(ADOPTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL BOTANICAL CONGRESS, 
VIENNA, 1905.) 
By J. H. MAIDEN, Government Botanist and Director of 
the Botanic Gardens, Sydney. 
[Read before the Royal Society of N.S. Wales, September 5, 1906. ] 
ARTICLE I. of the International Rules reads, ‘‘ Natural 
history can make no progress without a regular system of 
nomenclature, which is recognised and used by the great 
majority of naturalists in all countries.’’ Thisisan axiom. 
Linnzeus enunciated certain principles in his ‘‘ Fundamenta 
(1736), his ‘‘Philosophia botanica’’ (1751), his “‘Genera 
plantarum’’ (1737), his “Species plantarum ’’ (1753), his 
‘‘Systema Naturee’’ (1735), and other classics. 
The first serious attempt to adopt a regular system of 
botanical nomenclature in modern times was made at the 
International Congress of Botany held at a former Paris 
Exhibition (that of 1867), which discussed and adopted, 
