NOTES ON SOME NATIVE TRIBES OF AUSTRALIA. sare 
grammatical structure of their language will be briefly 
touched upon. 
All the way from about Oodnadatta or Alberga Creek 
to Alice Springs and Gien Helen Cattle Station, the people 
speak the Arran’da language, or dialects of it. In 1890, 
Rev. H. Kempe prepared a grammar and vocabulary of the 
‘Language spoken in the Macdonnell Ranges.’ He did not 
however, observe that there are two distinct pronouns in 
the first person of the dual, and also of the plural. In one 
of these pronouns, the individual addressed is included with 
the speaker, and in the other the individual addressed is 
excluded. I therefore propose to supply a new table which 
has been forwarded at my request by a resident of that 
part of the country. 
(1st Person I, Ta or yinga 
Singular < 2nd ,, Thou, Unta or nga 
Usndee ss, Ete: Era 
‘Ta’ and ‘unta’ are used with transitive verbs; ‘yinga’ 
and ‘nga’ are used with intransitive verbs. 
J We, incl., Ngilina 
Dual j Ist Person | We, excl., lina 
2d 5, You, Mbala 
ti hes bY wee They, Hratara 
y : Wie simelie Nganuna 
el ist Person | We, excl., Anuna 
DAIS Rak ee You, Rankara 
SLY aa, They Htna 
66 
In regard to the “double we”’ in the dual, there are 
some variations, depending upon the relationship existing 
between the speaker and the party spoken to. For example 
if a father speaks to his son, he says ngilaki instead of 
ngilina, as, Ngilaka araka larityika, we (dual), kangaroo 
for must go. Emphatic forms are, ngilanta, we, (dual), 
only. Ngunanta or ngunantara, we, (plural), only. 
Trans. Roy. Soc., S. Australia, xIv., 1-54. 
