APRIL, 1916 
: Tren GARD HON M AYGAZ ITN HE 
165 
to what is below them. A clay soil does 
not worry them a great deal. 
So too the yellow Day Lilies can find 
sufficient sustenance in an adamantine 
soil. The old Tawny Day Lily (Hemero- 
callis fulva) will stay with you forever, 
but for garden purposes the double 
form, var. Kwanso, has more lasting 
flowers and a longer blooming season 
(and the roots are equally active). The 
old-fashioned Lemon Day Lily (H. flava) 
may lose courage a little, but not the 
Late Lemon Day Lily (H. Thunbergii) 
whose stately clumps of golden flowers 
in July are as certain each year as the 
summer. The other species and varie- 
ties may lose enthusiasm, but some of 
the orange colored forms, as Orange 
Man, will in June make glorious com- 
binations with the blue of Siberian and 
German Iris. 
BULBS AND TUBERS 
Plants with tuberous, bulbous or deep 
woody roots would seem to be well 
adapted to keep their hold in heavy soil, 
but this is not wholly the case. Try the 
lordly Lily and see how it disappears; 
even the self-supporting Tiger Lily 
avoids the clay beds. 
Some bulbs that bloom early and 
Planting a Garden tor Autumn—norman:-Taytor, 
ripen before hot weather can be de- 
pended upon. Squills will forgive harsh 
treatment, and Siberian Squills (Scilla 
sibirica) will flourish in any soil that 
is not under water in spring. When in 
doubt, plant Scilla sibirica, for bloom 
in early spring. Very many little bulbs 
rot when the soil is heavy and the drain- 
age poor. Crocus, Hyacinth, and Tulip 
will soon give up, but Narcissus stays 
longer, particularly Poet’s Narcissus 
(Narcissus poeticus) if you get the 
older sorts and avoid the double forms. 
The Double Daffodil (Narcissus Pseudo- 
Narcissus) will remain after the single 
Trumpets have retreated. 
BLOOMS FOR MIDSUMMER AND FALL 
For midsummer bloom when the soil 
is like brickdust I would introduce our 
vagrant friends Tansy (Tanacetum vul- 
gare) and Chicory (Cichorium Intybus). 
They are common enough, but respect 
their courage and you will discover 
their beauty again. They have worked 
many years in this new country and 
have never organized to demand more 
rain in August. Chicory can be found 
with flowers in several shades of blue, 
and pink, purple, lavender, and white. 
In autumn you will get native Asters 
and Goldenrods, but if you buy plants 
from dealers get the white Limestone 
Aster (Aster ptarmicoides) and the 
Seaside Goldenrod (Solidago semper- 
virens) ; they like a firm foundation. I 
like masses of the big yellow compos- 
ites, but the many Sunflowers refuse on 
a clay soil. Try Elecampane (Inula 
Helenium) for Sunflowers in July and 
August. Then in September the Com- 
pass plant (Silphium laciniatum) and 
the Prairie Dock (S. terebinthinaceum) 
of our prairies wave their “suns” six 
feet above the bold foliage. These three 
herbs are like trees—as much root as 
top. 
For early foliage effects I am inclined 
toward May-apple (Podophyllum pelta- 
tum) for its big “umbrellas,” and the 
flowers and “apples” are a part of their 
charm. Low foliage is furnished by the 
Goutweed (Aegopodium Podograria), a 
celery-like plant that spreads to fill all 
spaces. You are more familiar with its 
variegated form, equally wayward in its 
habits. A bushy plant with leaves that 
are good all summer is Amsonia Taber- 
naemontana. 
Some ferns you can keep, but the 
truly successful fellow is Clayton’s In- 
terrupted Fern (Osmunda Claytonia). 
Curator of Plants 
Brooklyn Botanic Garden 
PLANTS IN FLOWER DURING THE SECOND WEEK OF NOVEMBER OR LATER 
ber, 1911, appeared a short, rather 
tentative article of mine, on flowers 
that bloom after the first frost. So 
many autumn gardeners have written 
about these fall flowers, and notes on 
them have accumulated so fast that the 
following table has been prepared with 
the hope of stimulating further interest. 
All, or very nearly all, the species men- 
tioned were in flower on November 15, 
1915, at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 
and some much later than that date. 
LT THE GARDEN MAGAZINE for Novem- 
Now, as to the list itself. By far the 
larger part are herbaceous perennials 
which need no very special cultural re- 
finements, except where noted under the 
column “Remarks.” A few of my read- 
ers will be pained not to find Chrysan- 
themum and many Asters in the list. 
These are so well, almost notoriously, 
known, that they were omitted to make 
room for more important things! 
Scarce indeed are autumn flowering 
woody plants, and use must be made of 
the many beautifully colored fall fruits 
to make up the deficiency. Barberries, 
Aronia, Crataegus, and many others 
may be added to the list given. 
In the case of the annuals the list 
could be lengthened very considerably 
by careful planning. Before the list 
must be placed a climbing knot-weed, 
Polygonum Baldschanicum, which does 
not seem to fit any of the categories 
below. It is a free climber, 6 to 8 feet, 
dies down to the ground each year, and 
is covered by a profusion of white and 
rose-colored flower-clusters. 
COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME 
Blue Flowered 
Monkshood ..... Aconitum Napellus bicolor .. . 
Monkshood ..... Aconitum autumnale ....... 
Monkshood ..... Aconitum Fischeri.......... 
Alkanet .:.:.... Anchusa myosotidiflora ..... 
China Aster ....| Aster tataricus ............ 
PASGEr eos ka es Aster trinervius ............ é 
Bellflower ...... Campanula caespitosa ...... 
Bellflower ...... Campanula latiloba ........ 
Day flower ..... Commelina coelestis ........ 
Day flower ..... Commelina tuberosa ........ 
Larkspur .......| Delphinium Barlowii ....... 
Sea Holly ...... Erynyium amethystinum .... 
Globularia ..... Globularia maritima ....... 
WaldiWax ...... Linum Lewisii ............. 
INepeta ........ Nepeta Mussini ............ ‘ 
Wild sage ...... Salvia pratensis ........... 
PAC Me is Sb-aies a Salvia uliginosa ...........- 
Spiderwort ..... Tradescantia montana .....- : 
Speedwell ...... Veronica longifolia ......... 
Speedwell ...... Veronica maritima ......... 
White Flowered 
Christmas Rose .| Helleborus niger 
Waving butterfly.| Gaura Lindheimeri 
Boneset ........ 
Wormwood ..... 
Snapdragon .... 
Artemesia lactiflora ........ 
Antirrhinum asarina........ 
Eupatorium urticaefolium ..|:% 
False Chamomile] Boltonia asteroides ......... : 
PERENNIALS 
HEIGHT REMARKS 
2-3 ft. Better than the ordinary A. Napellus and blooming later. Some white in the flower. 
3-4 ft. The showiest of all the aconites, but not quite so late as the following. Pure blue. 
2 ft. Paler blue than the first two and the latest to flower. Plant about 12 in. apart. 
1-2 ft. Looks like forget-me-not but with large handsome leaves. Open, sunny places, fair soil. 
5-6 ft. Often slightly purplish. Very hardy, very variable and very late-flowering. Showy. 
3 ft. Widely branched at the summit, and often with purplish rays. Good for border effects. 
4-6 in. Makes dense mats and is excellent carpeting species. A white-flowered variety is known. 
1-1¥% ft. | Grows in dense clumps, but stalks are stiff and erect. White-flowered form is not so late. 
10-18 in.| Will grow well in shady places. North of N. Y. should be protected in winter. Showy. 
Diffuse Not hardy in exposed places with zero temperatures. Best to cover up with straw, ete. 
2-3 ft. Supposed to be a variety of D. hybridum, but much taller and later. A rich feeder. 
1% ft Its grayish foliage and bluish-gray flowers made good foils to some violent blues. 
4—6 in Sprawls all over the place; a useful rough and ready ground cover. Not showy. 
1-2 it Very branchy. Fine delicate leaves and pale sky-blue flowers are very attractive. 
2-3 ft First cousin to the Catnip. The long unbranched racemes showy and usually very late. 
1-1¥% ft. | Leaves often spotted with red. A good border subject and rather indifferent to luxuries. 
4-5 ft A very striking recent introduction specially useful for the border. Showy. 
3 ft. Showy and a rich feeder. Its very deep blue flowers best developed in moist places. 
ts Flowered almost to Christmas in 1915. Showy finger-shaped spikes. 
1 ft. Nearly as showy as the preceding, and the flowers are deeper blue. Protect northward. 
eis Perhaps the latest of all, often poking its way through the snow in sheltered situations. 
4-5 ft. The silky fruits are nearly as showy as the profuse flowers. Will stand wind sweep. 
2-3 ft. Snowy puffs of flowers and rather crinkly dark green leaves make this attractive. Native. . 
3-7 ft Sometimes slightly violet-flowered. In many catalogues listed as B. glastifolia. _ 
2-5 ft. Fragrant foliage and white cottony flowers distinctive. May be a form of A. vulgaris. 
Prostrate | Splendid carpet plant, but should only be used in sheltered places. Flowers rarely red. 
