ON THE PINES OF AUSTRALIA. 157 
the cold, with three hours contact, it was 6°26. These 
results compare favourably with those obtained with the 
Wellington sample under the same conditions. A portion 
was esterised with acetic anhydride in the usual way. The 
esterised oil had rotation dp + 28°1°; it having slightly 
increased with the increased ester, indicated that the 
alcohol was borneol. The amount of ester was 18°94, so 
that the amount of free alcohol as borneol was 4°63%. This 
result closely approaches that obtained with the Trangie 
sample. 
Oil of Leaves.—No. 1.—Material was collected at Nar- 
randera, New South Wales, 350 miles south-west of Sydney, 
25th April, 1907. The terminal branchlets with fruits were 
steam distilled for six hours in the usual way, and in a 
manner corresponding to what would be done commercially. 
The amount of oil distilling from 784 tbs. of material was 
704 ounces, equal to 0°5627. Thisisa fair average yield of 
oil from this specics. 
Material was collected from one large tree and distilled 
separately, this was kept distinct so that the product from 
a single tree could be determined in comparison with that 
from general material. The bulk of the oil was obtained 
from the leaves of several trees as usual. 
The yield of oil from the single tree was equal to 0°559". 
It gave the following results:—Specific gravity at +3° C.= 
0°8671; rotation ap = + 21°2°; refractive index at 18° C. 
= 1°4744. Freshly distilled oil was soluble in one volume 
907*> alcohol. Saponification number was 35°7, equal to 
12°49 of ester as bornyl and geranyl-acetates. 
The oil obtained from the mixed material was taken for 
the full investigation. It had specific gravity at 18° CO. 
= 0°8729; rotation ay = + 27°9°; refractive index at 18° OC. 
= 1°4747. The freshly distilled oil was scarcely soluble in 
ten volumes of 80% alcohol, but was not rendered turbid by 
