176 R. T. BAKER AND H. G. SMITH. 
the phenol was dissolved in strong aqueous alkalis, and this 
acidified with hydrochloric acid, a red colour was also pro- 
duced. When dissolved in acetic acid and few drops of 
sulphuric acid added, the solution changed immediately to 
red, soon becoming deeper in colour. Eventually the colour 
became a rich deep purple which was permanent for 
some days. Ifa drop of nitric acid was added with the 
sulphuric acid the changes through red to plum colour 
were more rapid, but eventually the same result was 
obtained. Toa portion of the original phenol on a watch 
glass one drop of sulphuric acid was added, a red colour 
was produced, eventually becoming purple on the edges 
as with the acetic acid solution. When a little of the 
phenol was dissolved in acetic acid on a watch glass, and 
the vapour of bromine passed over it, a purplish colour 
instantly formed, soon becoming a rich purple. These 
marked colour reactions point to the origin of the indigo 
blue oil obtained on redistilling the crude product. 
When the original thick crude oil was agitated with 
a 10° solution of aqueous soda, a semi-solid mass was 
at once produced. After a time some water was added, 
and the mixture agitated, the bulk of the oil still remained 
as a pasty mass, this was filtered off and washed. It was 
readily soluble in ether, and on evaporating the ether a 
thick oil remained which crystallised, and from which 
guaiol was obtained. ‘The alkaline filtrate was treated 
with a large quantity of water when it was partly decom- 
posed, an oil separating. Aiter standing some time in an 
open vessel with repeated agitation, the aqueous liquid was 
thoroughly extracted with ether. On evaporating the 
ether the phenol was obtained. This gave all the reactions, 
and had the characteristic odour of the phenol as obtained 
previously after saponification. It would thus be necessary 
to extract the phenol with a strong alkaline solution, as 
the combination is a weak one, andis apparently decomposed 
